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台灣製造業不同廠商規模生產技術差異之分量迴歸分析

Investigating Productivity Differentials between Large and Small-Medium Manufacturers Using Quantile Regression Techniques

摘要


本文選取資訊電子業和食品業為代表,利用分量迴歸模型,估計大企業和中小企業勞動與資本的偏產量彈性與邊際產量、規模彈性、技術進步率、替代彈性等指標,再以 Blinder-Oaxaca方法分解兩種規模廠商間生產技術的差異,做為分析與比較之基礎,盼能提供企業改進方向,增進整體產業之生產效率。實證結果發現,兩產業之勞動偏產量彈性皆大於資本偏產量彈性,且規模彈性值皆大於1,顯示應持續擴大生產規模,藉以降低長期平均成本。另外,大企業替代彈性高於中小企業,表示台灣製造業大企業調整要素投入的能力較好。在生產技術的差異上,高科技產業的大企業,生產力優於中小企業;傳統產業差異則不明顯。

並列摘要


This paper studies the productivity differentials between large and small-medium Taiwanese manufacturing firms during 1992-2005. We apply a quantile regression technique to characterize the production processes of the manufacturers under consideration at various quantiles of conditional distribution. We then employ the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition method to measure the difference in productivity between the two types of firms. Evidence shows that the output elasticity of labor is greater than that of capital and increasing returns to scale prevail, indicating that the sample firms should extend their production scale further to lower their long-run average cost. The elasticities of substitution for large firms exceed those of small-medium firms, implying that it is easier to substitute one input for another in large firms than it would be in small-medium firms. Large firms exhibit higher productivities than small-medium firms especially in the hightech industry.

參考文獻


行政院主計總處 Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan (2006),95 年製造業普查結果分析2006Manufacturing Sectors Census , http://www.dgbas.gov.tw/public/Attachment/943011174271.pdf。
李庸三、黃國樞(1977)。民國六十年台灣製造業生產函數之分析。經濟論文。5(1),77-119。
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胡名雯、陳宜亨(1993)。台灣地區中小企業生產技術之規模報酬的探討。企銀季刊。19(3),49-72。
胡名雯、薛琦(1997)。中小企業生產特性與效率之研究─台灣製造業分析。經濟論文叢刊。25(1),1-26。

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陳弦業(2017)。臺灣農業收入的追蹤資料模型分析〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201700302
張芫甄(2016)。總體經濟變數對海峽兩岸房價的影響-分量迴歸分析〔碩士論文,逢甲大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6341/fcu.m0311374

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