應用CVM在健康效益之評估－高血壓疾病預防之願付價值

An Application of CVM on the Valuation of the Health Benefit- The WTP of Hypertension Prevention

傅祖壇(Tsu-Tan Fu) ； 葉寶文(Powen Yeh)

《經濟論文叢刊》 33卷1期 (2005/03) Pp. 1-32

https://doi.org/10.6277/ter.2005.331.1

摘要

本文應用假設市場評估法(CVM)，利用台灣地區心臓血管疾病之社區型追蹤整合調查資料(CVDFACTS)，進行推估高血壓疾病預防之效益。文中藉用Becker的利他行爲概念，將家庭領導人與家庭成員間之效用依存行爲納入分析模式。在實證估計上，我們採用了Hanemann(1984)之單界二分選擇及Alberini(1995)之雙界二分選擇模型，在效用極大化之假設下，分別估計竹東與樸子地區之家庭，每年對降低罹患心臓血管疾病機率之願付價值。研究結果顯示：單界模型之估計願付價值約爲每戶每年5至5.2萬元；雙界模型之估計值則較高，約爲5.8至7.2萬元。這些估計值亦隨著家庭領導人之年齡、教育程度、家庭所得水凖、居住地區及家中有無高血壓患者等社經變數之不同而有差異。

關鍵字

假設市場評估法 ； 願付價值 ； 單界二分選擇模型 ； 雙界二分選擇模型

並列摘要

This paper attempts to measure the benefit of hypertension prevention in Taiwan. We adopt the contingent valuation method (CVM) and use data from CVDFACTS to evaluate the benefit. Since the cardiovascular diseases including hypertension is a chronic disease, a sick person usually needs long-term care and financial support from members of his family. Thus, we adopt the altruism concept of Becker and incorporate his utility dependence behavior of family members into the analytical model. Both single and double bounds models were used for estimating the respondent’s willingness to pay (WTP) to reduce the incidence of contracting the cardiovascular diseases. The results indicate that the WTP from the single bound model is 50 to 52 thousand NT dollars yearly per family, whereas that from the double bound model is 58 to 72 thousand NT dollars. Such WTP estimates are also found to vary with demographic factors such as age, education, family income, residential area and having a family member with hypertension.

並列關鍵字

contingent valuation method ； willingness to pay ； single-bound dichotomous choice model ； doubled-bound dichotomous choice model

參考文獻

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Becker, G. S.(1974).A theory of social interactions.Journal of Political Economy.82,1063-1093.

Becker, G. S.(1991).A Treatise on the Family: An Enlarged Edition.Cambridge, Mass.:Harvard University Press.

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