- 期刊
我國與東亞諸國總體生產效率與生產力之研究
A Study of Production Efficiency and the Rate of Total Factor Productivity Growth for Ten East Asian Countries
摘要
本文以1985年至2003年東亞10國的總體生產函數爲研究對象，建構產出成長率模型，將人力資本與金融發展指標視爲要素投入，同時考慮生產效率與生產力。利用估計的生產邊界函數，分解總要素生產力變動率成爲三種成份，探討主要決定因素。結果發現東亞10國平均規模彈性爲0.7933，處於規模報酬遞減階段；平均技術效率顯示實際產出水準達到潛在產出水準的91%；總要素生產力每年平均以6.57%的速度衰退，其中生產技術每年平均進步1.85%，技術效率平均每年惡化1.7%，生產規模不當導致總要素生產力變動率每年平均減少6.72%。樣本國家若欲提升總要素生產力變動率，調整生產規模至最適規模與改善生產效率爲當務之急，其次須鼓勵研發，加速技術進步率。個別國家以香港、馬來西亞、菲律賓、新加坡與台灣總要素生產力爲正成長，技術進步是主要動力。
並列摘要
This paper proposes a model of a stochastic frontier production function, in which all variables are expressed in the form of growth rates and measures of human capital and financial development are included as extra inputs, to estimate production efficiency and the rate of total factor productivity (TFP) change for ten East Asian countries during the period 1985-2003. The TFP change is further decomposed into three components, i.e., technological progress, changes in technical efficiency, and scale effects. Evidence is found that on average the output elasticity of each input is positive, that decreasing returns to scale prevails, and that the mean technical efficiency is around 0.91. Evidence is also found that the average rate of TFP change per annum is -6.57% and attains a minimum value of -17.81% during the period of the Asian financial crisis. Moreover, technological progress constitutes the main source of TFP growth, while the contribution of the efficiency change and scale effect to TFP growth are both negative.