塑膠布覆蓋寬度，材料及隧道棚對無子西瓜生產之影響

Effect of Polyethylene Mulching Band Width, Materials and Row Cover on Seedless Watermelon Production

黃鵬(Peng Hwang)

《花蓮區農業改良場研究彙報》 2期 (1986/03) Pp. 9-10

摘要

為探討塑膠布覆蓋寬度，覆蓋材料及道棚對無子西瓜之影響，於民國73年及74年於花蓮地區進行試驗。73年全畦覆蓋塑膠布（4.5公尺寬），部份畦面覆蓋塑膠布（1.5公尺寬），稻草覆蓋及未覆蓋等四處理試驗結果，全畦或部份畦面覆蓋塑膠布處理者較未覆蓋處理者均顯著提高土壤溫度，促進生育，提早開花期，降低田間薊馬密度及炭疽病罹病率，並提高產量，但不同覆蓋寬度處理間差異不顯著。74年以透明塑膠布、黑色塑膠布、銀面黑底塑膠布、銀面黑底塑膠布＋隧道棚及稻草覆蓋等五種不同覆蓋材料試驗結果，於三月調查時透明塑膠布覆蓋處理較對照之稻草覆蓋提高土壤溫度2.4˚C，其次銀面黑底塑膠布＋隧道棚者1.6˚C，黑色塑膠布1.5˚C及銀面黑底塑膠布0.8˚C。植株生育之促進及開花期之提早亦以透明塑膠布效果最佳，但總產量則以銀面黑底塑膠布處理者最高。

並列摘要

Field studies were conducted in 1984 and 1985 to determine the effect of diffferent polyethylene mulching band widths, materials and row cover on seedless watermelon production in Hualien. In 1984, polyethylene with 4.5m width, polyethylene with 1.5m width and straw mulches were compared with an unmulched check. Polyethylene with 4.5m and 1.5m width mulches significantly showed the following advantages such as: increased soil temperature, promoted growth advanced flowering, decreased population of thrips, decreased anthracnose infection and increased yield in comparison with unmulched check. Whereas, difference between two polyethylene mulching band widths was not singificant. In 1985, clear polyethylene, black polyethylene, silver on black polyethylene, silver on black polyethylene + row cover were compared with a straw check on seedless watermelon prodction. In March, soil temperature was increased 2.4˚C by clear polyethylene mulch, 1.6˚C by silver on black polyethylene + row cover, 1.5˚C by black polyethlene, 0.8˚C by silver on black polyethylene in comparison with straw mulch. Clear polyethylene mulch had fastest growth and the earliest flowering. Silver on black polyethylene mulch produced the highest yield of seedless watermelon.