不同栽培期及堆肥用量對有機西洋南瓜果實品質影響之研究

Effects of Different Planting Date and Compost Amounts on the Fruit Qualities of Organic Pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima)

楊旻憲(Min-Hsien Yang) ； 蔡宜峯(Yi-Fong Tsai) ； 洪惠娟(Hui-Chuan Hung)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 130期 (2016/03) Pp. 1-9

摘要

本研究目的在於探討不同栽培期及堆肥用量對有機西洋南瓜果實品質之影響。試驗包括4個栽培期(分別於2013年4、6、8、10月定植)及3級堆肥用量(15、22.5及30 t/ha)，試區設置於南投縣魚池鄉臺中區農業改良場埔里分場簡易溫網室內，土壤屬於洪積母質紅壤(Diluvium red soils)。試驗結果顯示，有機西洋南瓜果實鮮重以4及10月定植較低，果實高度及果肉厚度以10月定植較低，果實寬度在不同栽培期無差異，施用牛糞堆肥22.5 t/ha處理在不同栽培期可獲得較佳的果重、果高、果寬及果肉厚度等特性。10月定植有較高的果實可溶性固形物、澱粉及硝酸鹽含量，以及較低的果實粗纖維及總可溶性糖含量。不同牛糞堆肥用量處理對果實總可溶性糖、澱粉、硝酸鹽等含量及鐵離子還原抗氧化力較無一致的變化，果實可溶性固形物及粗纖維含量則分別隨著牛糞堆肥施用量增加而增加及降低。綜合本研究結果，在10月定植及施用牛糞堆肥22.5 t/ha處理的有機西洋南瓜果實品質特性較佳且穩定。

關鍵字

有機西洋南瓜 ； 栽培期 ； 堆肥 ； 果實品質

並列摘要

The objective of this research is to evaluate the fruit qualities of organic pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) on different cultivation dates and different application amounts of dairy manure compost. Experiment was carried out at four cultivation dates (April, June, August, October in 2013) and three application amounts of dairy manure compost (15, 22.5 and 30 t/ha). This experiment was conducted in simple plastic house at Puli branch (Diluvium red soils) of Taichung DARES, Nantou County. The results indicated that the fruit fresh weight of organic pumpkin cultivated at April and October were lower than that of the other cultivation dates. The fruit height and flesh thickness of organic pumpkin cultivated at October were lower than that of the other cultivation dates. There was no difference between four cultivation dates on the fruit width of organic pumpkin. When applied 22.5 t/ha of dairy manure compost, organic pumpkin showed better performance on fruit fresh weight, fruit height, fruit width and flesh thickness. The contents of fruit soluble solids, starch and nitrate of organic pumpkin cultivated in October were higher than that of the other cultivation dates. The contents of fruit crude fiber and soluble sugar of organic pumpkin cultivated at October were lower than that of the other cultivation dates. Among three application amounts of dairy manure compost, the soluble solid contents of fruit, starch, nitrate and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of organic pumpkin varied. The soluble solid contents of fruit increased and fruit crude fiber decreased along with the increasing of the application amount of dairy manure compost, respectively. Therefore, the results were coordinate with the fact that cultivated in October and applied with 22.5 t/ha of dairy manure compost is suitable for organic pumpkin.

並列關鍵字

organic Cucurbita maxima ； cultivation date ； compost ； fruit quality