水稻再生力遺傳之研究

Inheritance of Ratooning Ability in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

鄭明欽(Ming-Chin Cheng) ； 李成章(Cheng-Chang Li)

《花蓮區農業改良場研究彙報》 10期 (1994/05) Pp. 19-38

https://doi.org/10.6957/RBHDAIS.199405.0019

摘要

本研究利用五個梗稻品種以全互交探討再生能力之遺傳行為，及其與莖基部TNC（Total Nonstructural Carbohydrate）含量之關係，同時檢定雜種秈稻之再生能力及再生栽培之可行性，試驗結果摘錄如下：一、水稻品種間再生能力具有明顯的差異，顯現親本間有遺傳變異性，再生率與莖基部總糖含量及非構性碳水化合物含量呈極顯著之正相關。二、經遺傳分析得知收穫後再生率主要受加性因子作用控制，無主效基因控制再生率性狀，而為微效基因之作用，其狹義遺傳率值相當高為（0.74），低再生率對高再生率為顯性。三、控制莖基總糖含量基因，其顯性作用大於加性作用，高總糖含量為顯性，受微效基因之控制，其狹義之遺傳率為中高（0.45）。控制TNC含量以基因加性作用為主要之遺傳行為，有二對主效基因控制，低TNC含量對高TNC含量為顯性，其狹義遺傳率為中高（0.47）。四、秈稻雜種品系在本試驗中僅一品系具有高再生能力，另外四個品系再生能力均低。高再生能力雜種品系之再生稻穀產量僅與其親本產量相當，再生期作產量而言，無雜種優勢之表現。

關鍵字

水稻 ； 雜種品系 ； 再生能力 ； 遺傳 ； 非構造性碳水化合物

並列摘要

Five japonica rice varieties were evaluated for ratooning ability and it's relationship with TNC content in rice stem base. The genetic of ratooning ability was studied with 5×5 diallel crosses. Some indica hybrid rice lines were also evaluated for its ratooning ability and ratoon culture potential. The results of the experiments were summarized as follows;1. The ratooning ability was significantly different among varieties. The ratooning rate was positive correleted significantly with total sugar and TNC content in stem base.2. By using diallel crosses, the ratooning rate was found to be mainly controlled by the additive genes, It seems no major gene affect the ratooning rate, The heritability of ratooning rate (in narrow sense) was high (0.74). The low ratooning ability was dominant over high ratooning ability.3. Total sugar and TNC content in stem base were showed easily affected by environmental conditions. The total sugar was found to be mainly controlled by polygenes. The high total sugar content was dominant over low total sugar content. The heritability was moderate high (0.45). The TNC content in rice stem base controlled mainly by the additive genes. It seems mostlikely 2 to 3 gene groups affected the TNC content. The low TNC content was dominant over high TNC content. The heritability of TNC was moderate high (0.47). The dominant effect of the low TNC content seems coordinated with the dominant effect of low ratooning rate.4. Only one of the five indica hybrid rice lines showed high ratooning ability and moderate ratoon yield. Heterosis of ratoon yield was not found of the lines.

並列關鍵字

Rice (Oriya sativa L.) ； Hybrid rice lines ； Ratooning ability ； Inheritance ； Total nonstructural carbohydrate