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浸水逆境對小胡瓜及甘藍生長及產量之影響
Effects of Flooding Stress on Growth and Yield of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata)
摘要
為瞭解浸水逆境對蔬菜作物生長及產量之影響，1991年及1992年針對小胡瓜及甘藍進行浸水試驗。小胡瓜1991年的試驗結果顯示，不論在生育初期、中期及後期植株存活率、葉片數皆不受浸水24小時的影響而降低，故產量未受浸水24小時而減產。而1992年的試驗結果顯示，其植株存活率、葉片數及產量，皆受到浸水影響而顯著低於未浸水處理者，在生育初期及中期浸水24小時造成產量分別較未浸水處理者降低75.8%及45.5%，此乃因浸水處理後遭逢颱風豪雨及所浸水源污濁所致，但畸型果率並不因有無浸水而所差異。甘藍兩年的試驗結果顯示，生育初期、中期、後期浸水24小時內雖不致造成甘藍植株的死亡，但卻會影響植株的生長，於生育初期浸水24小時會使植株生長短暫遲緩，但至採收時和未浸水處理者比較植株生育幾無差異，而生育後期浸水24小時則造成植株生長停頓，並影響產量甚大，故後期浸水處理者之產量僅達初期浸水者之88.6%。甘藍產量隨浸水時數的增長而遞減，在1991年試驗者，浸水6、12及24小時處理者較未浸水者分別減產2.6%、7.8%及8.9%，而1992年試驗者則分別減產3.5%、5.0%、10.0%。
並列摘要
To study the response of growth and yield of cucumber and cabbage crops under flooding stress environment, the flooding experiments were conducted in 1991 and 1992.In cucumber, there was no significantly difference in 1991 experiment The percentage of survival plants, leaf numbers and yield were not significantly affected by flooding for 6, 12 and 24 hours at different growth stages; however, in 1992, the percentage of survival palnts, leaf numbers and yield were significantly decreased by flooding. The yield was decreased 75.8% and 45.5% for flooding 24 hours at early and middle stages, respectively. There was no difference for ratio of non-marketable fruit in the two year experiments. The different response maybe was caused by the typhoon and heavy rain following the flooding treatment in 1992 experiment.In cabbage, flooding within 24 hours at different growth stages did not cause plant death, but it reduced the plant growth. Flooding at early growth stage reduced the growth. The plants were recovered lately, however, there were no difference among treatments during harvest time. Plant growth was retarded by flooding at late growth stage, and yield was decreased to 88.6% compared with flooding at early growth stage. In 1991 experiment, yield was decreased 2.6%, 7.8% and 8.9% by flooding for 6, 12 and 24 hours compared with flooding for 0 hour, respectively. In 1992 experiment, the yield was decreased 3.5%, 5.0% and 10.0% with the same treatments, respectively.