苦瓜新品種‘花蓮3號’之育成

New Bitter Gourd Variety 'Hualien No. 3'

全中和(Jong-Ho Chyuan)

《花蓮區農業改良場研究彙報》 26期 (2008/12) Pp. 53-63

https://doi.org/10.6957/RBHDAIS.200812.0053

摘要

苦瓜新品種‘花蓮3號’為F1雜交種，具有生長勢強、雌花早開、結果力強、品質佳等諸多優良特性。其親本為1998年收集自花蓮縣吉安鄉，經過多年純化、篩選、雜交於2002年獲得品質優良，符合多項苦瓜育種目標之WB15品系。經過F1雜交組合力試驗、品系比較試驗、區域試驗、栽培密度試驗等，於2007年11月10日取得品種權。苦瓜‘花蓮3號’株型為蔓性，分枝多，莖蔓中等，深裂葉，葉色綠，花瓣黃色，雌雄同株異花，雌花於主蔓第14節開花，早晨開花，春作定植後約38天，夏作約30天，進入始花期。果皮綠色，果面具珍珠突起及條狀突起，長橢圓形，平均果重160－200公克，春作開花後約20－25天採收，夏作開花後約20天採收。每公頃產量春作約為19.2公噸，夏作約為13.6公噸。育苗日數約為14－20天，定植至始花日數30天，定植至採收日數春作約為55天，夏作約為50天。採收期45天至60天；總生育日數110天至140天。

關鍵字

山苦瓜 ； 育種 ； 品種

並列摘要

The new bitter gourd variety Hualien No. 3 is an F1 variety. It has the characteristics of strong growth, early female flowering, strong fruit setting and good eating quality. The parental plants were collected from domestic Jian area in 1998. Then in 2002, a breeding line WB15 has been, with good breeding quality of multiple objectives, reproduced after a series of purification, selection and crossing for years. On November 10, 2007, WB15 was formally named Hualien No. 3, after some tests including the combining ability test of F1 crossing, comparison test, regional trials and density trials. Bitter gourd Hualien No. 3 is a vine with lots of branches. Its female flowers bloom from the twenty section of the main vine. The flowering period starts about 31 days for spring crop and 29 days for summer crop. Its exocarp is green and the face of the fruit has the process of pearls and bars. The fruit is long ovaloid and the weight of 160 to 200 grams. It can be reaped after flowering 20 to 25 days for spring crop and 20 days for summer crop. The total product each hectare is approximately 19.2 metric tons for spring crop and 13.6 metric tons for summer crop. Seedling nursing days are about 14 to 20, setting to flowering days 30, and setting to reaping days 55 for spring crop and 50 for summer crop. Total reaping days are 45 to 60. Total surviving days are 110 to 140.

並列關鍵字

wild bitter gourd ； breeding ； hybrid F1 variety