花卉播種機械之引進及機械性能評估研究

Performance Study on Imported Sowing Machine for Ornamental Plants

張金發(Chin-Fa Chang)

《農業機械學刊》 1卷3期 (1992/09) Pp. 49-53

https://doi.org/10.30062/JAM.199209.0006

摘要

本文研究目的是針對從荷蘭引進之Visser牌STEP-O-MAT型花卉播種機，探討其在台灣地區之適用性。本機使用之育苗箱爲保利龍製，L60×W40×H5公分，計有240格。（橫向12×縱向20格）。當空氣壓縮機壓力90 psi，眞空吸力-0.2 bar，吹氣壓力50-60 psi，採用種子吸附針孔徑0.1 mm，可播種石竹種子，播種精度爲每格播種一粒者91.7%，二粒以上之複粒率4.5%，缺株率3.8%。如採用孔徑0.25 mm之種子吸附針可播種日日春，雞冠花及一串紅等花卉，其播種精度爲日日春種子每格播種一粒之種子率者91.8%，複粒率5.2%，缺株率3.0%。雞冠花種子每格播種一粒種子率者90.5%，複粒率7.0%，缺株率2.5%。一串紅之種子每格播種一粒種子率者96.7%，無複粒，缺株率也僅3.3%。本機工作效率每小時85箱與人工播種每小時5箱比較可節省大量工時。一般花卉種子標示之發芽率在80-85%，由本機播種後調查發芽率達78.2%。

關鍵字

真空播種機 ； 育苗 ； 花卉

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to test the usability of the flower seeding machine Visser, STEP-O-MAT, which was imported from Holland. The plug tray for this vacuum seeder has 240 cells (12 by 20), with size of 60cm in length, 40cm in width and 5 cm in height. The Dianthus can be seeded by using 0.1 mm diameter seeding needle with the air pressure adjusted to 90 psi, vacuum pressure to -0.2 bar and blowing pressure to 50-60 psi. The missing, doubling and seeding rate of this test are 3.8%, 4.5% and 91.7% respectively. If the 0.25mm diameter seeding needles are used for Catharanthus, Celosia and Salvia. For the Catharanthus, the missing, doubling and seeding rate are 3.0%, 5.2% and 91.8%. The Celosia has 2.5% missing rate, 7.0% doubling rate and 90.5% seeding rate. The Salvia showed no doubling, 96.7% seeding and 3.3% missing rate. The results indicated that the machine can seed 85 trays per hour, which is 17 times quicker than manual seeding, thus a lot of labor are saved. The 78.2% germination rate of machine seeding tray comparing 80 to 85% manual rate is satisfactory.

並列關鍵字

Vacuum seeder ； Seedling ； Ornamental plants