Research-Based Versus Experiential Knowledge in Public Policy Making

論研究性知識與經驗性知識對公共政策制定之影響

鄭麗嬌(Lee-Joy Cheng)

《中國行政評論》 1卷3期 (1992/06) Pp. 155-172

https://doi.org/10.6635/cpar.1992.1(3).06

摘要

公共政策的制定，需要植基於知識的應用，惟在政界與學界皆有一共同的感概，目前研究性知識有低用甚且被誤用之虞。事實上，在政策制定過程中，經驗性的普通知識所發揮的影響力，常有凌駕於基礎性、研究性知識之上的態勢。如何成功地將基礎研究知識與經驗性知識融合到實際政策制定過程中，乃知識應用理論中所亟於探討之課題。本文將針對知識的概念、研究性與經驗性知識之關係、知識應用的種類、知識應用過程的理論、影響知識應用的因素、以及提高知識應用的策略等，逐一討論之。

關鍵字

研究性知識 ； 經驗性知識 ； 知識應用 ； 工具性應用 ； 觀念性應用 ； 象徵性應用 ； 啓發性應用 ； 知識低用 ； 兩極團體理論

並列摘要

Each policy is in need of knowledge. But both the research community and the government-user agencies appear to agree on the conclusion that social research is underused or misused. In the real world, experiential knowledge usually has had a greater impact on public policy-making than research-based knowledge. Under such circumstances, how to apply ordinary knowledge and research-based knowledge successfully to the policy making process became the primary concern in the field of knowledge utilization. This essay is organized into the following sections: conceptions of knowledge and the relation between research-based and experiential knowledge; types of knowledge utilization; theoretical perspectives on knowledge utilization process; responsibility for knowledge underutilization, and strategies for promoting knowledge utilization.

並列關鍵字

research-based knowledge ； experiential knowledge ； knowledge utilization ； instrumental use ； conceptual use ； symbolic use ； enlightment use ； knowledge underutilization ； two communities theory