選舉與選舉制度研究的方法論省思

Methodological Discussion on the Study of Election & Electoral Systems

管碧玲(Bi-Ling Guang)

《中國行政評論》 4卷1期 (1994/12) Pp. 25-46

https://doi.org/10.6635/cpar.1994.4(1).02

摘要

本文的目的在提示一種選舉與選舉制度研究的方法論思考，並將選舉制度改革的評估視為個案取向的問題，檢視其評估策略。本文主張結合歷史結構論的辯證分析，才能補充多元論或通則化理論在選舉與選舉制度研究上的不足。最後並以台灣選舉制度之改革為例，提出該方法論下應有的評估策略。

關鍵字

多元論 ； 菁英論 ； 民主自由的選舉 ； 國家控制的選舉 ； 辯證分析方法論 ； 歷史結構論

並列摘要

The main purpose of this paper is to provide a forum in which a methodolgies employed in the study of election and electoral systems are discussed. We recognize that each methodology with its inherent limitations can only be suitable for some specific questions. In this paper, we examine the differences between the studies using variable-oriented approach on the basis of pluralism leading to general statements, and the studies using case-oriented approach on the basis of elitism leading to interpretive statements about specific case.This paper concludes, based on Taiwan case, that the dialectical methodology and historical-structural approach should be well reconciled to broaden the analytical horizon. Only by so doing will the insufficiencies in the studies based on variable-oriented approach be overcome.

並列關鍵字

democratic electoral systems ； dialectics ； elitism ； Pluralism ； state-controlled election ； historical-structural approach