政府辦理公民審議對民眾參與態度之影響－以青年政策論壇為例

審議式民主近年受到政府與學界重視，被視為是直接民主具體實踐方式之一。在政府推動公民審議機制中，教育部青年署所推動「青年政策論壇」是現今政府規模較大且常年辦理之公民審議活動，該論壇每年所提出共識結論被視為政府推動青年政策意見主要參採依據，也被視為青年公共參與途徑之一。然而，論壇多年辦理過程中，參與者對公民審議過程表達肯定，但對其政策實質效果有所疑慮。政府長年辦理公民審議會議對民眾實質影響效果為何，少有研究深入探究，因此，本研究希冀了解青年政策論壇對參與者影響，以作為後續相關公民審議研究與政府推動審議活動參考建議。本研究運用文本分析、參與式觀察及深度訪談等途徑來蒐集相關資料，並透過三角驗證方式歸納各利害關係人看法，研究發現：（一）多數參與者期待透過此一論壇接觸不同領域參與者的想法與意見，並了解審議操作機制；但亦對其共識結論能否被相關單位採用保持存疑態度。（二）論壇討論過程中，不同立場背景青年意見交流，會讓參與者較能從不同視野看待公共議題，更甚者，會化為行動進一步去改善自我的環境。（三）部分參與者在論壇過程中會認同審議民主討論精神與概念，而選擇更進一步投入相關審議工作和持續關心相關議題後續發展，但此一影響和參與者過往背景和審議當下討論氛圍有所關係。

關鍵字

審議式民主；公民參與；公民審議；青年政策論壇

並列摘要

In recent years, deliberative democracy has been valued by the government and the academic community as a way of realizing direct democracy. Among all the public deliberation activities convened by the government, the Youth Policy Forum organized by the Youth Development Administration of the Ministry of Education is relatively larger in scale and held on a regular basis. Each year, the Forum produces consensuses and conclusions that serve as references for the government to promote its youth policies. The Forum is therefore regarded as a means of enabling youth civic engagement. Over the years, while participants have come to recognize the Forum as a platform for pubic deliberation, they have expressed doubt about its substantial effects on policies. There is little research on the substantial effects of government-hosted public deliberation activities on the public. Hence, this study aims to explore the influence of the deliberative discussion mechanism of the Youth Policy Forum on participants, in order to provide a reference and suggestions to future studies and government-initiated activities in this regard. This study adopts textual analysis, participant observation, and in-depth interviews to collect data. It also uses the triangulation method to conclude the viewpoints of all stakeholders. The findings are as follows: I. Most participants look forward to being exposed to the ideas and opinions of other participants from different backgrounds and understanding the operational mechanism of deliberation. However, they are doubtful about whether or not the consensuses and conclusions reached in the Forum can actually be adopted by competent authorities. II. During the discussions, the exchanges of opinions among young people with various stances offer participants a chance to consider public issues from different perspectives, and may therefore motivate them to take action to improve their own environment. III. Some participants agree with the spirit and concept of deliberative democracy, and choose to engage more with, and keep an eye on, the future development of related issues. However, such influence depends on the previous experiences of the participants and the atmosphere during the discussions.