LED光源之再生能源應用與發展

Application and Development of LED Lighting in Renewable Energy

周榮源(Rong-Yuan Jou)

《科儀新知》 194期 (2013/06) Pp. 67-88

摘要

隨著化石能源儲量的日益減少及環境污染的不斷惡化，尋找清潔的可再生能源來替代現有的化石能源，是人類急需解決的一項緊要任務。只有當再生能源所產生的廢棄物能被處理時，我們才真的能夠永續生存。氫氣是替代石化燃料的最好選擇，由於氫氣燃燒後的產物是水，不會造成環境的負荷，可謂是最乾淨的燃料。在所有已知生物系統中，光合菌是最有效率之氫氣生產者，其亦可將二氧化碳當做培養之碳源。因此，以光合菌之最佳培養條件為基礎下，設計具長壽命、高光電轉換效率而節能省電、無紫外線、不易損壞的固態元件LED燈源之光生物反應器，利用這些生物特性及物理性質，來進行益生菌培養條件之優化，不僅可以保護生態環境，亦可達到改善全球暖化現象之目的。本文主要是以農業生物科技與能源科技中：（1）光合菌產氫、（2）植物工廠、（3）微生物燃料電池等技術應用於解決能源問題或開發再生能源為主要研究範圍，闡述在這三大技術中LED光源與光機交互作用研究之應用與重要性，以及在技術發展與設備商品化過程中常遇到的問題。為落實各項技術之可行性，本文以機械設計工程角度來思考LED光源在能源上之應用，並積極尋求與產業進行密切產學合作，朝向自主設備技術建立與開發目標努力。

並列摘要

With the worsening of the dwindling reserves of fossil energy and environmental pollution, looking for clean, renewable energy sources to replace existing fossil fuel, is a crucial task for the human need to be resolved. Only when the waste generated by the renewable energy can be processed before we can really live sustainably. Hydrogen is the best alternative to fossil fuels, and will not cause the load on the environment, can be described as the cleanest fuel because water is the only by-product of hydrogen combustion. In all known biological systems, photosynthetic bacteria are the most efficient producers of hydrogen, and also carbon dioxide can be carbon sources for culture. So based on the best culture conditions of the photosynthetic bacteria, photobioreactor designs using LED light source with features of long life, high conversion efficiency and energy saving, no UV, difficult to damage of solid state components, using these biological characteristics and physical properties to the optimization of the conditions of the probiotic culture, not only to protect the ecological environment, but also to achieve the purpose to improve the global warming phenomenon. In this paper, topics of photosynthetic bacterial hydrogen production, plant factory, and microbial fuel cell which are technologies related to agricultural biotechnology and energy technology are addressed to illustrate how to solve the energy problem or the development of renewable energy in these categories. Moreover, the main scope of the study on the application and importance of the interaction studies in these three technologies LED light source with light machine; can be divided into two major themes: First, the measurement of liquid light intensity; environment for the growth of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) measurements. In addition, because in the progress of technology development and commercialization of equipment, the following difficulties are often encountered: the scale-up of production processing; generated heat removing in process; reactor (tank) optimal design; and environmental monitoring and automation, etc. To assess the technical feasibility, viewpoints of mechanical design engineering are proposed to be the considerations of the LED light source in the energy applications, and actively seek close industry-university cooperation with the industry, to achieve the final goal of establishing domestic equipment technology and development capability.