幹細胞於耳蝸毛細胞再生的研究進展

感音神經性聽力障礙是屬於永久性的聽力障礙，原因在於感覺接受器的毛細胞或傳遞聲音訊息的聽神經元一旦喪失後就無法再生。近年來由於幹細胞再生醫學的發展迅速，使得各式各樣疾病的幹細胞應用研究模式也隨之興起，在聽力障礙的研究議題上，使用包括具爭議性的胚胎幹細胞、胎兒幹細胞，到自體的骨髓幹細胞、成體幹細胞和神經幹細胞等不同來源的幹細胞，並將這些幹細胞植入哺乳類動物的內耳，試圖利用幹細胞的再生與分化來取代或再生已遺失的內耳細胞。此外，研究人員也從內耳耳蝸特定組織中找到幹細胞的存在，並且成功培養出具有豐富潛能的內耳耳蝸幹細胞。可以想見的是耳蝸幹細胞的發現已為聽覺修復開啟了另一扇門，未來的研究將著眼於如何將幹細胞誘導分化成為耳蝸不同組成的細胞，釐清誘導分化過程中所可能涉及的分子作用機制，特別是指分化成為Corti氏器中具有毛細胞特質的細胞族群，以期藉由聽損動物治療模式的建立，進而拓展到人類的臨床應用試驗，讓失聰的人們除了助聽器、人工電子耳的選擇之外，尚有未來幹細胞用於聽覺修復之臨床應用。

關鍵字

耳蝸；毛細胞；再生；幹細胞；支持細胞

並列摘要

Sensorineural hearing loss is an irreversible and permanent hearing impairment. The loss of regenerative ability of hair cells in the organ of Corti and spiral ganglions in the auditory nerve contributes to the progression of hearing disability. Based on recent advances in stem cell-based approaches for regenerative medicine, many animal models have been established to target the clinical diseases, inclusive of the degenerative issue of hearing loss. Stem cells such as embryonic stem cells, fetal stem cells, bone marrow derived stem cells and neural stem cells have been utilized as a source to replace or regenerate lost hair cells in mammalian animal studies. In addition, tissue-specific stem cells in inner ear has been identified and characterized with pluriopotency. All these progresses toward the application of stem cells in inner ear give hope for functional regeneration of cochlea. However, further understanding of the underlying mechanisms of auditory genetics and differentiation of hair cell population, continuing investigation of the delivering techniques in animal models and specification of the therapeutic strategies have to be developed before human clinical trials. We expect the introduction of stem cells into damaged cochlea will potentially offer an alternative new strategy in restoring lost hearing.

並列關鍵字

cochlea ； hair cell ； regeneration ； stem cell ； supporting cell

被引用紀錄

梁瑋如（2017）。全幼兒音樂教育模式對胎兒成長反應之初探性研究〔碩士論文，朝陽科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0078-2712201714443075

延伸閱讀

洪士杰（2009）。間葉幹細胞之最新進展：自我更新、分化及再生輔助功能。台灣醫學，13(5)，477-482。https://doi.org/10.6320/FJM.2009.13(5).07
張峻菱（2011）。組織再生膜之合成與動物實驗探討〔碩士論文，國立臺北科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0006-1908201118053200
Chao, C. K. (2012). 羊水間葉幹細胞培養於細胞外間質改質表面其分化能力及多能性之研究 [master's thesis, National Central University]. Airiti Library. https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0031-1903201314441595
Wang, M., Yuan, Z., Ma, N., Hao, C., Guo, W., Zou, G., Zhang, Y., Chen, M., Gao, S., Peng, J., Wang, A., Wang, Y., Sui, X., Xu, W., Lu, S., Liu, S., & Guo, Q. (2017). Advances and Prospects in Stem Cells for Cartilage Regeneration. Stem Cells International, 2017(), 1-16-91. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/4130607
Longo, U. G., Petrillo, S., Franceschetti, E., Berton, A., NicolaMaffulli, & Denaro, V. (2012). Stem Cells and Gene Therapy for Cartilage Repair. Stem Cells International, 2012(), 128-136. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/168385

國際替代計量

幹細胞於耳蝸毛細胞再生的研究進展

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