過敏性鼻炎的藥物治療

Pharmacologic Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis

黃啓哲(Chi-Che Huang) ； 傳嘉祥(Chia-Hsiang Fu) ； 李達人(Ta-Jen Lee)

《台灣耳鼻喉頭頸外科雜誌》 46卷s_1期 (2011/07) Pp. 37-42

https://doi.org/10.6286/2011.46.s_1.37

摘要

過敏性鼻炎治療包括許多層面。其中藥物治療方面大致分爲口服及鼻內局部使用兩大類，口服藥物包括H1型抗組織胺（包括第一代及第二代）、去充血劑、類固醇、白三烯素受體拮抗劑；局部用藥包括類固醇、H1型抗組織胺、去充血劑、肥大細胞穩定劑、抗膽鹼等鼻噴劑。根據ARIA (Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma)指引，藥物的選用時機根據症狀嚴重程度而訂出階梯性治療原則，同時也提出一些合併用藥的建議，目前已廣泛被接受。了解過敏性鼻炎病理機轉、所引起的症狀，並將藥物的原理、安全性、治療目標及其他情況考慮進去，且避免藥物副作用及交互作用，才能爲病患帶來最大益處。

關鍵字

過敏性鼻炎 ； 藥物治療 ； ARIA

並列摘要

The treatment for allergic rhinitis involves several aspects. Pharmacologic treatment can be divided into oral and topical agents. The oral form includes H1-antihistamine (1st and 2nd generation), decongestant, steroid, and anti-leukotriene. The topical agent contains steroid spray, H1-antihistamine, decongestant, mast cell stabilizer, and anti-cholinergic agent. Based on ARIA (Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma) guidelines, the usage of medication depends on the severity of symptoms, and stepwise protocol and combine therapy have been recommended and generally accepted. Pathophysiology of this disease, its symptoms, and the mechanisms, safety, treatment targets of medication should be taken into consideration, thus we may avoid the side effects or interactions of drugs and bring our patients most benefits.

並列關鍵字

allergic rhinitis ； pharmacologic treatment ； ARIA