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氣管切開術在COVID-19疫情時代的角色與相關照護建議

Tracheostomy Recommendations and Related Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic

摘要


2019新型冠狀病毒(COVID-19)的出現,造成世界各地疫情蔓延,世界衛生組織(WHO)也在2020年3月11日宣布COVID-19疫情為全球大流行(pandemic)。台灣在2020年時雖藉著優異的防疫措施,成功控制國內疫情,但在2021年也不得不開始面對國內疫情的擴散。部份COVID-19確診的病人,可能因為氧氣需求高但困難插管,或為避免因長期氣管內插管造成呼吸道、喉部、氣管的傷害,因而考慮氣管切開術。身為耳鼻喉頭頸外科的呼吸道專家,我們更需要了解何時、何地及如何在COVID-19疫情下安全地執行氣管切開術。本文旨在參考美國耳鼻喉科醫學會、英國耳鼻喉科醫學會、及各類國內外文獻指引,分析氣管切開術在疫情下的角色,以提供台灣耳鼻喉頭頸外科醫師在COVID-19疫情下施行氣管切開術的相關照護建議。

並列摘要


The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an unprecedented surge of patients worldwide. This surge has caused resources in the healthcare system to become scarce. This problem has also become a reality in Taiwan. Many critically ill patients have difficulty breathing or even require prolonged intubation, which calls for the consideration of tracheostomies. However, tracheostomies are an aerosol generating procedure. The risk of transmission of COVID-19 to health-care workers cannot be emphasized enough. It is paramount for airway specialists in otolaryngology head and neck surgery to know when, where and how to perform a tracheostomy safely during the COVID-19 pandemic. This article aims to review the international guidelines and recommendations and to provide practical guidance for Taiwan's otolaryngology head and neck surgeons in the COVID-19 era.

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