英國政署之組織設計與運作成效

The British Agency System: Its Organization and Implementation

彭錦鵬(Thomas C. P. Peng)

《歐美研究》 30卷3期 (2000/09) Pp. 89-141

https://doi.org/10.7015/JEAS.200009.0089

摘要

英國的政署模式（即續階計畫）自1988年開始逐年推廣實施以來，已使將近八成文官納入政署模式的運作下，形成英國文官體制一百五十年來的最大變革。政署是在主管部之下，藉由架構文件，而由執行長來全權管理的文官組織，主要在履行政策的執行工作，提供人民較佳的服務。它有明確的組織目標，也有具體的服務標準，預算在財政部授權範圍下得以彈性運用，且必須就其績效對主管部、國會、公眾負責，並每年公告出版其業務成果。英國推動政署制的過程，具有以下的特點：第一，英國採用漸進推廣的模式，有助於改正制度之不周全處。第二，實驗性質的推廣，可以減少阻力，也可以就比較易於採行政署制的單位先行辦理。第三，改制政署的單位已先進行前置選項的檢定，先行排除民營化、外包等之可能性，有助於確定政署在政府體系中之功能定位。

關鍵字

政署 ； 英國文官制度 ； 新公共管理 ； 民營化 ； 續階計畫

並列摘要

The implementation of the British ＂agency＂ system, beginning in 1988, was the most radical change in U. K. civil service history since 1854. Agencies are headed by fixed-term and contracted chief executives. Although still under the jurisdiction of the ministries, agencies have substantial discretion over their operations and personnel management. After eleven years of agencification, 77 percent of British civil servants work in agencies or according to the agency line. The establishment of the agency system, which is not based on any law, was progressive in nature. However, the agency system has generated great concern about its impact on the unified nature of the traditional British civil service. One of the most significant features of the agency system is the accountability mechanism, which is discussed in detail in this article.

並列關鍵字

agency ； British civil service ； new public management ； privatization ； Next Steps

參考文獻

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