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證人概念與對質詰問權-以歐洲人權法院相關裁判為中心

The Conception of Witness and the Right of Confrontation-Use Judgments of European Court of Human Rights as Examples

摘要


刑事被告享有質問不利證人之權利,乃超越法系、凌駕國界的「普世價值之基本人權」,在我國法亦受保障。然而,此項人權要求的具體司法實踐,亦有諸多亟待克服之難題,諸如:何謂「不利證人」,共犯/共同被告是否屬之?對質詰問的實質內涵為何?於何等條件得承認其例外?此乃各內國法與國際人權法、我國法與歐洲人權公約、我國大法官及歐洲人權法院所共同面對之問題。本文先從歐洲人權公約之對質詰問條款出發,解析歐洲人權法院的案例法,如何發展超越法系、凌駕泛歐國界的普世人權基準,評釋其優劣之處,最後回到本土的立足點,簡述其對我國法未來之發展可能的啟示與助益。

並列摘要


In criminal proceedings, it is one of the basic international human rights that the accused has the right to confront the witness against him. In Taiwan, the accused is also entitled to such a right. However, the judicial realization of the right of confrontation still faces many problems. This article starts with a discussion about the confrontation clause of the European Convention on Human Rights, and analyses the judgments of the European Court of Human Rights. This paper then explains how the right of confrontation has developed into an international human right that crosses legal systems and surpasses Pan-European boundaries, and goes on to comment on its merits and defects.

參考文獻


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