美國原住民的自我書寫與生命創化：以荷根與安娺姿為例

Writing Native Self, Writing Life-Linda Hogan and Anita Endrezze

黃心雅(Hsinya Huang)

《歐美研究》 39卷2期 (2009/06) Pp. 253-293

摘要

本論文由美國原住民生命書寫的文化歷史切入，闡釋原住民生命書寫不同於現代性概念的「自我」、「生命」與「書寫」的觀照：原住民生命書寫如何成為協商土地、血液與國族議題的場域；歷史記憶又如何於輾轉的生命書寫中生產；人天交融的寰宇關懷如何由個人的生命故事中乍然浮現？論文舉取兩位當代原住民作家近作為例：荷根的《觀照世間的女子：原住民回憶錄》與安娺姿的《擲火向陽，擲水朝月》，兩者皆由墨西哥出發，跨越國家主義界域，行走美洲大陸，以生命書寫治療歷史創傷，形塑自我與部族的記憶，詩文並蓄，召喚創傷的生命片段，在生命敘述中，自我與祖靈、身體與土地遭逢，親密對話，將記憶以書寫重新匯入歷史／生命的長河。

關鍵字

美國原住民 ； 生命書寫 ； 荷根 ； 安娺姿

並列摘要

This paper examines Native American life writings, drawing on Linda Hogan's The Woman Who Watches Over the World: A Native Memoir and Anita Endrezze's Throwing Fire at the Sun, Water at the Moon as pivotal texts, to chart Native American life path, analyze their ethnographic mode of self-representation, and dissect their power to contest the hegemonic national discourse. Questions that arise in this paper include: How to explore the affective dimensions of Native American individual and tribal life histories? How are cultural differences negotiated within and across the geographical, psychological, social, and cultural boundaries in Native American life writings? How do Native American cultural histories and tribal memories work to bring together a fragmented self? How are identities played out among several cultural discourses, be they ethnic, national, gender, and/or racial based? Inquiring into Hogan's and Anita Endrezze's works, this paper thus charts the trajectories of Native American memories, staging the past so as to understand the present and prophesy the future of the Americas.

並列關鍵字

Native America ； life writing ； Linda Hogan ； Anita Endrezze

參考文獻

黃心雅(2003)。美國原住民女性書寫中的族群醫療：鄂翠曲、席爾柯與安莎杜娃作品裡的女性醫學。中外文學。31(10)，147-192。

Huang, H.(2003).Tribal healing in Native American women's writings.Chung Wai Literary Quarterly.31(10),147-192.

Huang, H.(2006).Modernity and Taiwan aboriginal literature.Chung Wai Literary Quarterly.35(5),81-122.

Allen, P. G.(1989).Spider Woman's granddaughters: Traditional tales and contemporary writing by Native American women.Boston:Beacon Press.

Anzaldúa, G.(1987).Borderlands/la frontera: The new Mestiza.San Francisco:Aunt Lute Books.