歐盟化學品註冊、評估、授權暨限制規則之探討與借鏡：兼論我國毒性化學物質管理法最新發展

A Review and Discussion of EU Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 Concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH)-and the Latest Developments of the Taiwan Toxic Chemical Substances Control Law

劉如慧(Ru-Huei Liu)

《歐美研究》 46卷2期 (2016/06) Pp. 243-304

https://doi.org/10.7015/JEAS.201606_46(2).0003

摘要

歐盟於2006年12月公布化學品註冊、評估、授權暨限制規則，建立一個化學品管理的整合體系。該規則以源頭註冊登錄為基礎，要求製造商及進口商自行提供各該化學物質之安全性及風險評估資訊，以逐步建立化學物質資訊系統，並促進危險化學物質之替代，俾達成永續發展的目標。我國在民間環保團體不斷呼籲下，終於在2013年12月修改毒性化學物質管理法，引進REACH制度，並加入毒化物釋放量資訊公開規定，日前更發布新化學物質及既有化學物質資料登錄辦法。本文旨在探討歐盟REACH制度內涵，進而檢討我國新建立的REACH制度之利弊得失。

關鍵字

歐盟REACH規則 ； 化學物質 ； 毒性化學物質管理法 ； 毒化物釋放量資訊公開

並列摘要

The EU announced Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) and thereby established an integrated system for chemicals in December 2006. This regulation requires manufacturers and importers to assess the risks posed by chemical substances they manufacture or import, and to take the steps necessary to manage known risks. They are obligated to prove the safety of chemical substances. In other words, the EU REACH system is based on registration at the source, requires manufacturers and importers to provide all the safety and risk assessment information on chemical substances, and in this way builds gradually an information system of existing and new chemical substances, promotes substitutions for hazardous chemicals, and serves to achieve the goal of sustainable development. This system has already been adopted by many countries and become a new, international trend in chemicals management. Under pressure from the ongoing appeals from environmental groups, in December 2013, Taiwan modified finally the ＂Toxic Chemical Substances Control Act,＂ introducing not only the REACH system, but also information disclosure concerning the release of toxic chemicals. Recently, the EPA further issued the ＂Regulation of New and Existing Chemical Substances Registration.＂ This study aims to explore the contents of the EU REACH system, and then review the advantages and disadvantages of the newly established REACH System in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

EU REACH-Regulation ； chemical substances ； Toxic Chemical Substances Control Act ； information disclosure concerning the release of toxic chemicals

參考文獻

行政院 (2012)。〈毒性化學物質管理法部分條文修正草案總說明暨條文對照表〉。取自http://lci.ly.gov.tw/LyLCEW/agenda1/02/pdf/08/02/10/LCEWA01_080210_00074.pdf (Executive Yuan. [2012].Partial articles revision of toxic chemical substances control act draft: Description and the reference list of articles.)

行政院環境保護署 (2009)。〈中部科學工業園區第四期 (二林園區) 開發計畫環境影響說明書〉。取自http://www.epa.gov.tw/ch/DocList.aspx?unit=8&clsone=545&clstwo=641&clsthree=909&busin=336&path=12364 (Environmental Protection Administration in Executive Yuan. [2009]. Environmental impact report of the development plan of central region science park's forth development area [Erlin Park].)

行政院環境保護署 (2010)。〈中部科學工業園區第三期發展區 (后里基地——七星農場部分) 開發計畫環境影響說明書〉。取自http://www.epa.gov.tw/ch/DocList.aspx?unit=8&clsone=545&clstwo=716&clsthree=1117&busin=336&path=13679 (Environmental Protection Administration in Executive Yuan. [2010]. Environmental impact report of the development plan of central region science park's third development area [Houli Base to Cising Farm Part].)

行政院環境保護署 (2014a)。〈毒性化學物質簡介〉。取自http://www.epa.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=7970&ctNode=31413&mp=epa (Environmental Protection Administration, Executive Yuan. [2014a]. Introduction to toxic chemical substances.)

行政院環境保護署 (2014b)。〈毒性化學物質分類管理架構一覽表〉。取自http://www.epa.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=7981&ctNode=31421&mp=epa (Environmental Protection Administration, Executive Yuan. [2014b]. Classified and controlled norms list of toxic chemical substances.)