北投地區老年人之眼壓篩選

本院眼科部從1993年7月至1994年6月在北投地區做“老年人黃斑部病變之流行病學研究”的同時，以非接觸性眼壓計測其雙眼眼壓值，據此評估眼壓值在五十歲以上人口之分佈情形，以及與年齡、性別、血壓值之關係，並依眼壓值篩選出疑似青光眼者，再做第二階段的檢查，求取青光眼之盛行率。 2038個受檢者的平約眼壓為12.06±3.65mmHg，男性平均眼壓為11.89±3.66mmHg，女性平均眼壓為12.25±3.62mmHg，眼壓有隨著年齡增加而下降，血壓的昇高而上升的趨勢。青光眼的盛行率為1.03%，男與女之比為2.3比1，其中原發性隅角開放青光眼的盛行率為0.69%，低眼壓性青光眼為0.25%、原發性隅角閉鎖性青光眼為0.09%，隅角開放性青光眼與閉鎖性之比為9:1。本研究是一以人口為根據的調查，雖非針對青光眼的篩選而設計，所分析計算的盛行率會低估，但對台灣地區青光眼的流行病學研究，眼壓的分佈情況仍具參考價值。

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並列摘要

This study is a co-study of age related macular degeneration in the suburban Taipei, Pei-Tou area. The authors want to find out first, the average intraocular pressure among the senescent people and second, the prevalence of glaucoma. From July 1993 to June 1994, 2038 participants, whose age greater than 50, were enrolled in this study. The intraocular pressure was measured with non-contact air pulsair and was the screening tool for the glaucoma. Those who had either intraocular pressure greater or equal to 21 mmHg or the discrepancy of the pressure greater or equal to 6 mmHg, were further verified by optic cup to disc ratio, gonioscopy and visual field testing. The mean intraocular pressure was 11.89 mmHg among the males and 12.25 mmHg among the females. The age factor, the systolic blood pressure and the diastolic blood pressure all have a significant correlation with the intraocular pressure (p＜0.05). The glaucoma prevalence rate was 1.03%. The glaucoma rate among the male and the female were 1.42% and 0.61%. The prevalence rate of primary open angle glaucoma, low tension glaucoma and primary close angle glaucoma were 0.69%, 0.25% and 0.09% respectively. Although the glaucoma prevalence rate may he underestimated in this study because of the low sensitivity of the intraocular pressure screening test, these results help for a better understandings of the intraocular pressure distributions among the senescent people in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Intraocular pressure survey ； glaucoma ； prevalence rate

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北投地區老年人之眼壓篩選

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