戰國時代黃老之學在楚國的發展－《鶡冠子》的研究

The Development of Huang-lao-chih-hsueh in the Kindom of Ch'u during the Warring Period-A Study of Ho-kuan-chi

黃漢光(Hon-Kong Wong)

《鵝湖學誌》 28期 (2002/06) Pp. 37-78

https://doi.org/10.29653/LS.200206.0002

摘要

《鶡冠子》一書雖然見於《漢書•藝文志》的著錄，但是今本的《鶡冠子》，從唐代開始，即被認爲是僞書，一直沒有受到應有的重視，因而到底是否爲黃老之學的著作都成疑問。近年來，隨著黃老帛書的出土，大陸上學界對許多以前被懷疑爲僞書的先秦古籍，都作了重新的評價，在這情形下，有部分學者認爲：《鶡冠子》除了少部分羼入了先秦兵家思想的，確定爲僞以外，大部分篇章，仍應是先秦戰國時代具有黃老思想的著作。這樣的成果，對研究戰國時代的學術思想，特別是有關黃老之學的問題上，增加了不少的鼓舞。本文即從他們的研究成績上，試圖探討下列的問題：1.探討黃老之學在戰國時代的發展情況。2.探討《鶡冠子》一書的思想內容及其與黃老之學的關係。3.了解《鶡冠子）一書的哲學思想在哲學上的貢獻。4.研究《鶡冠子》一書的哲學思想對漢代政治上黃老之治的影響。經由上述的研究，主要是《鶡冠子》一書的思想內容有更堅實而深刻、也更爲貼合原義的了解，其次對影響戰國時代及兩漢深遠的黃老之學，將有更全面而深刻的認識。

關鍵字

道家 ； 黃老之學 ； 稷下學派 ； 元氣 ； 無爲

並列摘要

The modern version of Ho-kuan-chi has been treated an a false book since the T'ang period although it is mentioned by Yi-wen-chi of Han-su. Therefore, it has been ignored as well as been questioned as one of the literatures representing the Huang-lao-chih-hsueh. However, scholars in mainland China has had a different opinion on the above-mentioned issue since Huang-lao-pa-su has been knows to the academia. Some think that except those dealing with the military thought of the Ch'in period the rest of contents in Hokuan-chi should represent the thought of Huang-lao-chih-hsueh. Therefore, following the aforementioned research findings, this paper aims at exploring the sebsequent issues:1. Describing the development of Huang-lao-chih-hsueh in the Warring Period.2. Exploring the thoughts in Ho-kuan-chi and the relationship between it and Huang-lao-chih-hsueh.3. Explaining the contribution of idea in Ho-kuan-chi in the philosophy in general.4. Studying the impact of philosophy in Ho-kuan-chi on the statecraft of Huang-lao school in the Han period.By exploring the above-mentioned issues, we would get a further recognize to Ho-kuan-chi, and would obtain a better comprehension on Huang-lao-chih-hsueh, which has profound influence on the Warring and two Han periods.

並列關鍵字

Taoism ； Huang-lao-chih-hsueh ； Chi-hsia-hsueh-p'ai ； Yuan-ch'i ； Wu-wei

參考文獻

隋書•經籍志。

舊唐書•經籍志。

宋史•藝文志。

鶡冠子。3

劉勰。文心雕龍•諸子。