中國的中道與道統－唐君毅「中道」思想「密意」探要之二

Chinese Doctrine of Means (Zhong Dao) and Confucian Line of Orthodoxy of Dao - An Investigation of the Deep Meaning of Dao inTang Junyi's ＂The Doctrine of Mean＂(Zhong-Yung chi Dao)

王興國(Wang, Xing-guo)

《鵝湖學誌》 64期 (2020/06) Pp. 67-133

摘要

本文是《中道是中國文化之道統──唐君毅「中道」思想「密意」探要之一》的續篇，試圖回答唐君毅關於「中道是中國文化之道統」的觀點，與他的「一心開九境」的哲學之間的關係問題，認為這一問題的答案已然隱藏于唐君毅「徹底唯心論」的中道形上學與其中國哲學史的研究之間，而成為其思想的一個真正的「密意」。從哲學的「判教」論，論證與闡釋儒家形上學的「生命存在與心靈境界」為一大中至正的圓成之境界，而此一形上學正是一個中道的形上學。由此，則可證立儒家中道不僅為中國文化的道統，而且也是人類精神之道統的觀點。這就是唐君毅思想中的一個沒有說破或說而不破的重大「密意」。同時，文章還認為中國儒家的中道雖然不可能成為唯一的人類精神之道統，但是，它可以謀求和參與人類共同精神道統──「世界道統」的建構，從而適應「全景交往」中的世界文明對話，為人類文明的進步做出積極的貢獻。

關鍵字

密意 ； 中道的形上學 ； 儒家 ； 人類精神 ； 世界道統

並列摘要

This article is a sequel to ＂Golden mean is the ethics of Chinese culture- Tang Junyi's 'secret meaning' of 'the golden mean' thought Part One＂, trying to answer his view that ＂the doctrine of mean is the Way of Chinese culture＂ and the question of the relationship between the philosophy of ＂One Heart Opening Nine Realms＂. I think the answer to this question is already hidden between Tang Junyi's ＂radical idealism＂ of metaphysics and his study of the history of Chinese philosophy, that is, the ninth realm of Confucianism is the true ＂deep meaning of Dao＂ of his thought. According to his critical division and organization of all philosophies into a holistic system and his argument in his book of Existence of Lives and Realms of Mind that Confucianism is the most Central and Fair Realm of all, this is a metaphysics of Dao and hence, Confucianism is not only the line of succession of Dao in Chinese culture, but also the Dao of humanity of all people. This is the deep meaning of Dao that Tang does not mention or mentioned without speaking it aloud. This paper also believes that though ＂the Dao of the Doctrine of Mean＂ could not be the only Dao of all peoples, it could seek and participate in the construction of the Dao of the World of all people, in a panoramic way of communication in the dialogue of world civilizations so as to contribute positively to the progress of human civilization.

並列關鍵字

deep meaning of Dao ； the metaphysics of the doctrine of mean ； Confucianism ； human spirit ； Dao of the human world

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