Effect of Elevation and Type of Habitat on the Abundance and Diversity of Scarabaeoid Dung Beetle (Scarabaeoidea) Assemblages in a Mediterranean Area from Southern Iberian Peninsula

海拔高度與棲所型式對南伊伯利亞半島糞金龜豐度與歧異度的影響

Eduardo Romero-Alcaraz ； José M. Ávila

《Zoological Studies》 39卷4期 (2000/10) Pp. 351-359

摘要

海拔高度與棲所型式是影響昆蟲群聚的兩個重要因素。本研究以陷阱捕捉法來測試海拔高度與棲所型式對伊伯利亞半島東南部糞金龜群聚的影響，並以棲所型式和海拔高度將傾向於棲所選汰型種類的歧異度加以量化。從我們的研究中得知，豐度與歧異度和海拔高度呈正相關，棲所型式和物種在群聚中的結構也有相關。一般而言，在整個集合體中，不同生物小種的相似程度低，特別是在棲所是開放型和封閉型之間。其中開放型具有較高的豐度與歧異度。雖然大多數的種類在封閉型棲所裏的豐度較低，一般性的種類則沒有選擇性上的偏好存在。因此，我們認為雖然糞金龜在開型棲所裏較為適應生存，但是在不同集合體內不同族群的存在，或許反映出高異質性在維持糞金龜多樣性裏所扮演的重要角色。

關鍵字

棲所選汰 ； 糞金龜歧異度 ； 海拔高度效應 ； 金龜子科 ； 牛糞金龜子科

並列摘要

Elevation and habitat type are often important factors influencing insect communities. We used dung-baited pitfall traps to test the effect of both elevation and habitat type on scarabaeoid dung beetle communities in Sierra de Baza (southeastern lberian Peninsula). Habitat selection of species and variations of diversity in the assemblages according to habitat type and elevation were quantified. Both abundance and diversity were positively correlated with elevation, and habitat type was also relevant in structuring the assemblage. Similarites among assemblages in different biotopes were generally low, especially between closed habitats and open habitats, the latter showing higher abundance and diversity. Most species were less abundant in closed habitats, but some generalist species showed no habitat selection. We conclude that, although open habitats appear more adequate for dung beetles, the existence of different patterns within the assemblage probably reflects the importance of maintaining a high landscape hetreogeneity in order to preserve dung beetle biodiversity.

並列關鍵字

Habitat selection ； Dung beetle biodiversity ； Elevational effect ； Scarabaeidae ； Aphodiidae