Can Copepods Differentiate Prey from Predator Hydromechanically?

橈足類能否以流體之物理訊號區別其食餌與掠食者

黃將修(Jiang-Shiou Hwang) ； Rudi Strickler

《Zoological Studies》 40卷1期 (2001/01) Pp. 1-6

摘要

橈足類曾被證實利用流體的物理訊號去偵測其食餌或其捕食者，但卻甚少證據直接證實橈足類如何利用這樣的訊號去區別其食餌、捕食者與亂流。本研究利用雷射攝錄影系統以及改良的Schlieren光學系統，去研究顯微固定的橈足類在多變化的流體動力狀態下偵測食餌或捕食者的特性。本研究結果顯示，橈足類有能力區別流體的物理訊號是源自外界環境中產生或是其本身所製造的攝食流，尤其是這些流體的物理訊號已在相似的流速中甚難區別時，橈足類依然有能力加以區別。研究資料顯示，浮游的橈足類可能以簡單流體之模式認知為依據，來區別訊號源自掠食者、食餌或亂流。

關鍵字

哲水蚤 ； 亂流 ； 避敵反應 ； 模式認知

並列摘要

Copepods use hydromechanical signals to detect prey and predators. However, little is known about their ability to differentiate prey from predators, neither from random water flow. We used laser- and video-optical equipment with a modified Schlieren optical pathway to observe a tethered copepod under variable hydrodynamic conditions. The results suggest that the copepod can distinguish between hydromechanical signals generated by an external source and those created by its own feeding current, even when these disturbances are within a similar speed range, as defined by measurements of spatial displacement of suspended particles. The data suggests that planktonic copepods may use a simple form of pattern recognition to distinguish between sources of signals: predators, prey, or random flow.

並列關鍵字

Calanoids ； Centropages hamatus ； Random flow ； Escape reactions ； Pattern recognition