The Segment /w/ and Contrastive Hierarchy in Paiwan and Seediq

排灣語及賽德克語的/w/音段與對比階層

李佩容(Amy Pei-Jung Lee)

《Concentric： Studies in Linguistics》 38卷1期 (2012/05) Pp. 1-37

https://doi.org/10.6241/concentric.ling.201205_38(1).0001

摘要

本文描述台灣南島語之排灣語及賽德克語/w/音段所表現出的不同音韻序列，提供方言比較觀點，並從對比階層的特徵標記架構提出理論上的解讀。透過重新檢視排灣語中的兩種音韻現象：/w/~/v/的詞音位轉換與唇音異化，以及筆者所收集的東部排灣語語料，本文觀察到前者僅運作於詞位層次上（即僅與後綴加綴互動），而非詞組層次（後依附詞加接）。另一方面，唇音異化也不再應用於唇音居於第二音節的詞幹。就賽德克語而言，本文探討歷時語音對應/g/-/ɣ/-/w/對都達方言音韻所產生的作用。本文最後提出這兩種語言在音韻序列上的對比階層，並從中獲得共時與歷時的啟示。

關鍵字

音韻序列 ； /w/音段 ； 對比階層 ； 排灣語 ； 賽德克語 ； 台灣南島語

並列摘要

This paper describes the different patterning of the segment /w/ in two Formosan languages: Paiwan and Seediq, and provides both comparative and theoretical perspectives by adopting the framework of contrastive hierarchy with feature specifications. Two phonological processes in Paiwan are revisited: the /w/~/v/ alternation and labial dissimilation. New Paiwan data collected in the east show that the /w/~/v/ alternation only operates at word level (suffixation), not at phrasal level (encliticization). Labial dissimilation no longer applies to the stems with a labial segment in the second syllable. As for Seediq, the phonological impact on Toda regarding the sound correspondence of /g/ (Tgdaya/Paran)-/ɣ/ (Truku)-/w/ (Toda) in the three dialects is discussed. This paper proposes contrastive hierarchy for the phonological patterning of the two languages and concludes with both synchronic variations and diachronic implications.

並列關鍵字

phonological patterning ； segment /w/ ； contrastive hierarchy ； Paiwan ； Seediq ； Formosan languages

參考文獻

Blust, Robert(1999).Subgrouping, circularity and extinction: some issues in Austronesian comparative linguistics.Selected Papers from the Eighth International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics.(Selected Papers from the Eighth International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics).:

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Chang, Henry Y.(2000)。A Reference Grammar of Seediq。Taipei:Yuan-liu。

Chen, Chun-Mei(2006).A Comparative Study on Formosan Phonology: Paiwan and Rukai.The University of Texas at Austin.