吳澄《三禮考註》之真偽考辨

吳澄對三《禮》的編纂以《儀禮》十七篇為經，仿朱熹《儀禮經傳通解》例，將《大戴禮記》、《小戴禮記》與鄭《注》分類編次，纂成《儀禮逸經傳》二卷。其後，再將《小戴禮記》六篇、劉敞補記兩篇及《大戴禮記》一篇附於《儀禮逸經》後，作為《儀禮逸經》之「傳」，又對剩下的三十六篇《小戴禮記》進行進一步的分類編次，編成《禮記纂言》一書。由此可知，吳澄對於三《禮》的編纂自有其一套系統的認識。《三禮考註》一書見於《四庫全書》存目，題為吳澄所著，然其真實性，自明代開始即有所懷疑，明、清諸多學者皆有所討論，然而所言皆未能全面性的辨明此書之真偽。本文擬就著錄與版本、體例與內容兩大方面加以考索，以期能對此書之真偽考辨清楚。藉由各種分析並與《禮記纂言》相照，以文字表達來看，《三禮考註》文字較為粗略，而《禮記纂言》文辭精當；就註釋內容而言，《三禮考註》註解較為簡省，且與《禮記纂言》態度明顯有所不同；就內容分類來看，《三禮考註》與《禮記纂言》、《儀禮逸經傳》多有不同，因此可以推論《三禮考註》一書實非吳澄所作。

關鍵字

吳澄；三禮考註；元代；禮記；辨偽

並列摘要

Wu-Cheng is takes the main reference book to ”Li” edition by ”Yi Li” (儀禮). He imitates ”Yi Li Ching Chuan Tung Jie” (儀禮經傳通解) the style to carry on the edition. He wrote ” Yi Li Ching Chuan Tung Jie” (儀禮逸經傳) by ”Da Dai Li Chi” (大戴禮記) and ”Xian Dai Li Chi” (小戴禮記). He will be left over 36 chapters carry on the classified edition ”Li Ji Zuan Yan” (禮記纂言). We may know Wu-Cheng edition ”Li” by known information and his knowledge. ”San Li Kao Zhu” (三禮考註) might find from ”Si Ku Chuan Shu” (四庫全書) table of contents. This book's author is Wu Cheng. Starts from the Ming Dynasty on some people to suspect that this book is real. The Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty many people carry on the discussion to this question. This paper analyzes from each aspect to this question. After the analysis, may discover that ”San Li Kao Zhu” (三禮考註) the writing is sketchy, ”Li Ji Zuan Yan” (禮記纂言) writing is exquisite. From content analysis, this writing quite briefly. When ”San Li Kao Zhu” (三禮考註) writing's manner and the author write when ”Li Ji Zuan Yan” (禮記纂言) is dissimilar. Therefore this book is not Wu-Cheng writes.