人力資源管理活動認知與員工態度、績效之關聯性差異分析－心理契約與社會交換觀點

The Study of Differential Relationships between Human Resource Management Practices Perception and Employees' Attitude and Performance: Psychological Contract and Social Exchange Perspectives

黃家齊(Jia-Chi Huang)

《管理評論》 21卷4期 (2002/10) Pp. 101-127

https://doi.org/10.6656/MR.2002.21.4.CHI.101

摘要

本研究由心理契約與社會交換理論之觀點，主張人力資源管理活動可加以區分為提供經濟誘因以及長期人力資本投資等兩類活動。進而探討兩類人力資源管理活動與員工的留任意願、信任、分配公正、正式程序公正、互動公正、情感性承諾與規範性承諾等態度，以及任務績效與組織公民行為等績效表現間的關聯性。研究結果發現，整體而言，員工對長期人力資本投資活動認知與員工態度及績效間均有正向關聯性，提供經濟誘因活動認知亦與員工態度有正向關係。且兩類人力資源管理活動與各項員工態度與行為間的關聯性強弱有明顯差異，其中提供經濟誘因活動與分配公正之關聯性明顯高於長期人力資本投資活動。而長期人力資本投資活動與留任意願、情感性承諾、任務績效與組織公民行為等變項的關聯性則高於提供經濟誘因活動。

關鍵字

人力資源管理 ； 心理契約 ； 交易型契約 ； 關係型契約 ； 經濟性交換 ； 社會性交換

並列摘要

In the perspective of psychological contract and social excahange, we argue that human resource management practices play two roles. One is economic incentives' giving, the other is human capital investment. We explored these two different kinds of human resources management practices' effect on employee's attitudes (including intent to stay, trust, distributive justice, formal procedural justice, interactional justice, affective commitment, and normative commitment) and performances (including task performance and organizational citizenship behavior). Generally, the results show that Employees' perception about human capital investment practice has positive relationships with employees' attitudes and performance, and economic incentives' giving practice perception also has positive relationships with employees' attitudes. But the strength of relationships between these two practices and employees' attitudes and performances have significantly differences. Economic incentives' giving practice is related to distributive justice more significantly than human capital investment practice. In contrary, human capital investment practice is related to intent to stay, affective commitment, task performance and organizational citizenship behavior more significantly.

並列關鍵字

human resource management ； psychological contract ； transactional contract ； relational contract ； economic exchange ； social exchange

參考文獻

Amason, A. C.(1996).Distinguishing the Effects of Functional and Dysfunctional Conflict on Strategic Decision Making: Resolving a Paradox for Top Management Teams.Academy of Management Journal.39(1)

Barnard, C. I.(1938).The Functions of the Executive.Cambridge, Mass.:Harvard University Press.

Bies, R. J.(1987).The Predicament of Injustice: The Management of Moral Outrage.Research in Organizational Behavior.9

Bies, R. J.,Moag, J. S.(1986).Research on Negotiation in Organizations, Vol. 1.Greenwich, CT:JAI Press.

Blau, P. M.(1964).Exchange and Power in Social Life.New York:John Wiley and Sons.