參與研發聯盟廠商之知識創造與技術移轉績效－社會資本與經濟性互動之觀點

Knowledge Creation and Technology Transfer Performance of the Firms Participating in the Consortia: Integrating Social Capital & Economical Interaction Perspective

方世杰(Shih-Chieh Fang) ； 林麗娟(Julia L. Lin) ； 邱志芳(Chih-Fang Chiu)

《管理評論》 22卷3期 (2003/07) Pp. 123-148

https://doi.org/10.6656/MR.2003.22.3.CHI.123

摘要

面對變動快速以及愈趨激烈的產業競爭環境，台灣中小企業透由科技專案研發聯盟的參與可快速取得互補性資產，進而創造與蓄積組織內部知識資產以及有效的技術移轉。本文視研發聯盟為一典型的組織間關係(IORs)管理課題，因此依據IORs之本質與內涵：經濟性互動與社會性互動（本文稱之為社會資本），本文指出有效的組織間統治機制與特定性資產投資（經濟性互動），以及三個社會資本組成構面（包括結構、關係與認知系絡），是影響廠商之組織知識創造的重要因素。此外，知識創造之能力將進而影響廠商技術移轉績效。在實證研究方面，本文以參與工研院科技專案合作研發之廠商為對象，採問卷調查研究方法。主要的實證結果大致上均支持本文相關理論之推論，亦即廠商如果建構必要的社會資本，並與聯盟夥伴間有適當的經濟互動，將有助於其在研發聯盟過程中之知識創造與技術移轉。本文最後亦就本研究之理論與實證意涵做一討論，並提出管理實務與學術研究方向之建議。

關鍵字

社會資本 ； 知識創造 ； 技術移轉 ； 研發聯盟

並列摘要

R&D consortium is a strategic and effective means to acquire complementary assets, create knowledge and transfer technology for small & medium-sized enterprises in Taiwan. Based on the inter-organizational relationship (IOR) view, this study first identifies the social and economic factors affecting, the knowledge creation of R&D consortia participants. The economic factors include IOR governance mechanisms and investments on the specific assets. The social factors (called as social capital in this paper) consider the structural dimension, relational dimension and cognitive contexts of social capital. This paper then examines the relationship between knowledge creation and technology transfer performance. An analysis of 80 questionnaire responses from participants in ITRI-sponsored R&D consortia finds that the setup of social capital and the appropriate economic interactions can facilitate knowledge creation and technology transfer. Finally, this paper draws some implications and suggestions for the academy and the practice as well.

並列關鍵字

social capital ； knowledge creation ； technology transfer ； R&D consortia

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