云想衣裳：女性乳癌患者與社會性別演出、身體意象

Fantastic Costume: The Female Breast Cancer Patients, Gender Performance, and Body Image

楊榮宗(Jung-Tsung Yang)

《台灣社會研究季刊》 49期 (2003/03) Pp. 49-95

https://doi.org/10.29816/TARQSS.200303.0002

摘要

本研究以訪談法瞭解女性乳癌患者切除乳房之經驗。本研究結合身體意象概念、身體社會學、醫學社會學、女性主義、法國社會理論詮釋女性乳癌患者切除乳房後身體改變及如何修飾外表的經驗。本研究將指出這些論點雖然可以提供敏銳的批判分析，但也有一些限制。女性主義提出的正規乳房概念，固然可以解析醫學科技、醫學論述、女性乳癌病如何受到正規乳房身體意象的影響。但是，並不是所有戴義乳、接受乳房重建的病重建都是受到正規乳房身體意象的制約，其他社會文化建構的身體意象，例如宗教、年齡的論述也有影響力。本文將分析身心二元論、性別二元論如何影響女性乳癌患者對待其身體的方式。本文也將指出，女性身體不只是鐫刻身體馴化技術的文本，也是能感覺的、活生生的身體，此身體所感受的疼痛也是抵抗身體馴化的因素。

關鍵字

正規乳房 ； 身體意象 ； 社會性別演出 ； 乳癌 ； 義乳 ； 乳房重建

並列摘要

This research uses interview to understand the female breast cancer patients' embodied experience of losing the breast and draws on the concept of body image, which, in turn, combines sociology of the body, medical sociology, feminism and French social theory to interpret this experience. Although feminism is helpful in analyzing how the image of the normalized breast shapes medical discourse and the female breast cancer patients, it has some limitations. Indeed, this research finds that not all the female breast cancer patients are influenced by the image of the normalized breast regarding their medical decision of taking breast construction and that other body images constructed in the discourse of religion and age can also exert influence. This paper will analyze how the mind/body dualism and the sex/gender division can mediate the female breast cancer patients' way of treating their bodies. This paper will contend that the female body is not just a passive body for inscribing the technology of body discipline. In fact, the female body is a sentient, living body, which can feel the pain and therefore can refuse mainstream body image substantiated by medical practice.

並列關鍵字

the normalized breast ； body image ； gender performance ； breast cancer ； prosthesis ； breast construction

參考文獻

Assiter, Alison(1996).Enlightened Women.London:Routledge.

Barthes, R.(1998)。神話學。台北:桂冠。

Cassell, Joan(1998).The Woman in the Surgeon's Body.Cambridge:Harvard University Press.

Entwistle, Joanne(2000).Fashion and the Fleshy Body: Dress as Embodied Practice.Fashion Theory.

Fallowfield, Lesley,Clark, Andrew(1992).Breast Cancer.London:Tavistock / Routledge.