Decline of Two Cinnamomum Species Associated with Phytophthora cinnamomi in Taiwan

Phytophthora cinnamomi與兩種樟屬植物萎凋病的相關性

張東柱(Tun-Tschu Chang)

《植物病理學會刊》 2卷1期 (1993/03) Pp. 1-6

https://doi.org/10.6649/PPB.199303_2(1).0001

摘要

在嘉義農場租華林農場之土肉桂(Cinnamomum osmophloeum)栽培區發現其地上部黃化和萎凋，繼而全株死亡。相類似的病徵也在花運地區樟樹(C. camphora)造林地發現。所有罹病植物均呈現根腐現象。從罹病植物的根部及其根圈土壞均可分離到Phytophthora cinnamomi。分離自嘉羲農埸土肉桂根部及其根圈土壤的菌株都是A^1配對型；然而分離自華林農場土肉桂根部及土壤的菌株則有A^1和A^2配對型兩種。至於分離自樟樹的兩菌株是A^1配對型。將分離自土肉桂或樟樹之Phytophthora cinnamomi接種到土肉桂種子苗和扦插苗與樟樹種子苗時，可引起接種植株根腐，萎凋及死亡，且P. cinnamomi可在人工接種罹病組織再分離得到。樟樹之疫病在台灣為新紀錄；土肉桂之疫病在世界其他地區尚未報導。

關鍵字

土肉桂 ； 樟樹 ； 萎凋病

並列摘要

Yellowing and wilting followed by death of trees were found on Cinnamomum osmophloeum in plantations located at Chia-yi and Hwa-ling farms. Similar symptoms were also observed on trees of C camphora in one plantation in Hua-lien county. All observed diseased trees were associated with Phytophthora cinnamomi causing root rot. All isolates of P. cinnamomi obtained from trees and rhizosphere soils of C. osmophloeum at Chia-yi farm were of A^1 mating type, whereas A^1 and A^2 mating types were isolated from trees and rhizosphere soils at Hwa-ling farm. Two isolates of P. cinnamomi obtained from roots and rhizosphere soils of C camphora were A^1. Isolates of P. cinnamomi isolated from C. osmophloeum or C. camphora were able to cause the disease on tested plants of both C. osmophloeum and C. camphora. The fungus was reisolated from all inoculated plants. P. cinnamomi on C osmophloeum was first documented in the world. P. cinnamomi on C camphora was first reported in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Cinnamomum osmophloeum ； C. camphora ； Phytophthora cinnamomi ； decline