Partial Characterization and Ecology of Bamboo Mosaic Potexvirus from Bamboos in Taiwan

臺灣竹嵌紋病病毒特性及生態學之探討

陳滄海(Tsang-Hai Chen) ； 盧耀村(Yau-Tsuen Lu)

《植物病理學會刊》 4卷2期 (1995/06) Pp. 83-90

https://doi.org/10.6649/PPB.199506_4(2).0005

摘要

竹嵌紋病普遍發生於台灣各地竹園，其病徵除葉片嵌紋外，尚會在綠竹上引起竹桿嵌紋及褐色條斑，以及在麻竹上造成褐色條斑，筍籜出現黑褐色條斑，筍肉內散生不連續性縱向延伸之黃色至褐色條斑。本研究中，由全省20縣市13種竹類嵌紋病株上分得83個病毒分離株，依其在寄主反應的差異性分成兩大類：第一大類，約佔96%，病毒粒子爲長絲狀，大小480-500X15nm，寄主範圍僅限於藜科、莧科等少數植物，爲台灣竹嵌紋病之主要病原；第二大類，約佔4%，病毒粒子亦爲長絲狀，大小600-630×15nm，寄主範圍亦很窄，但病徵與第一大類有明顯差異。研究中，以第一大類病毒爲抗原製作多元抗體並進行血清學試驗，發現不同地區或竹類上所得之分離株有非常密切的血清學關係；寄主範圍，電顯觀察及血清學研究結果顯示第一類分離株應爲竹嵌紋病毒(BaMV)；第二類則可能是BaMv另一系統(strain)。ELISA在本硏究中適於田間病毒生態研究並已廣爲應用。竹嵌紋病株不同葉序或同一葉序之不同部位中的病毒含量差異並不顯著，田間罹患嵌紋病之麻竹、綠竹病株，其筍中各部位組織的BaMV檢出率各不相同且差異頗大，一年中田間麻竹、綠竹病株葉片中含量由7月急速上升至11月達到最高峰，BaMV在綠竹根中僅能殘存6週；調查發現台灣60(品)種竹類中，有2屬，14(品)種受竹嵌紋病毒爲害，且以蓬萊竹屬(Bamusa)的13(品)種居大多數。

關鍵字

竹類 ； 竹嵌紋病毒 ； 田間生態

並列摘要

Bamboo mosaic disease has occurred widely in bamboo plantations in Taiwan for years. The affected bamboo usually showed mosaic symptom on leaves. On green bamboo (Bambusa oldhamii), the mosaic symptom on young culms and brown streaks on branches and older culms were also observed. Symptoms on Taiwan Giant Bamboo (Dendrocalamus latiflorus) included brown lesions in interior tissues of shoot and brown streaks on culms and shoot sheath. Two distinct clusters of virus isolates, I and II, were distinguished by host re actions, serology and electron microscopy. Isolates of cluster I were identified as bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV), while the cluster II was suggested to be a different strain of BaMV. Polyclonal antiserum was produced against B-1 isolate of cluster I. In Ouchterlony tests, the two clusters were shown to be serologically closely related However, B-1 isolate was not serlogically related to four members of potexvirus group. An ELISA procedure for detecting BaMV was developed and used in ecological studies. Concentrations of BaMV assayed by ELISA varied insignificantly in different leaf positions and leaf parts of bamboos However, the virus distributed unevenly in different parts of bamboo shoot. The contcentration of BaMV in the leaves of green bamboo and Taiwan Giant Bamboo began to increase from July and reached maximum in November. In roots of green bamboo, BaMV survived for 6 weeks. Fourteen of 60 bamboo species/varieties investigated in Taiwan, which belong to genera Bambusa and Dendrocalamus, were found infected with BaMV.

並列關鍵字

bamboos ； bamboo mosaic virus ； field ecology