Etiology and Control of Heart Rot of Banana Tissue Culture Plantlets

香蕉組織培養苗心腐病之病因及防治

柯文雄(Wen-Hsiung Ko) ； 陳新評(Shin-Ping Chen) ； 趙治平(Chih-Ping Chao) ； 黃新川(Shin-Chuan Hwang)

《植物病理學會刊》 6卷1期 (1997/03) Pp. 31-36

https://doi.org/10.6649/PPB.199703_6(1).0005

摘要

栽種在苗圃與田間之北蕉及103號品系香蕉組織培養苗均會發生心腐病。罹病株之葉片黃化和壞疽、根部衰敗，在小苗基部分生組織内出現洞穴，呈黑色。檢査初形成的洞穴，未發現昆蟲的卵或幼蟲存在。將幼苗種植於病株土壤與新土混合之介質中未見發病。噴灑硫酸鈣或硼酸鈉溶液於出現初期病徵之GCTCV-105號品系幼株時，病勢停止進展，幼苗新生主根及根毛，由此顯示本病可能係因缺乏礦物元素所致。以小盆缽做試驗，將幼苗種在添加鈣和硼之土壤中，或以大盆缽將幼苗種在無添加鈣或硼之土壤中，在以上兩種情況下均不會發病。以上結果證明組織培養蕉苗之心腐病係缺鈣和硼引起，在假植土壤中添加鈣和硼，或利用大盆缽假植幼苗可有效預防本病。

關鍵字

心腐病 ； 香蕉 ； 組織培養苗 ； 缺鈣 ； 缺硼

並列摘要

A number of tissue culture plantlets of Cavendish banana and its clone GCTCV-105 suffered from and necrosis of leaves, degeneration of roots and development of blackish cavity on apical meristem of the corm before and after planting in the fields. Insect larvae or eggs were not found in the corm during the early stage of cavity development. Plantlets planted in fresh soil mixed with pot soil with plantlets showing heart rot symptoms in large pots did not develop the disease indicating that the disease is not infectious when plantlets showing initial symptoms of heart sprayed with calcium sulfate or sodium borate, new main roots and root hairs were produced. and the disease ceased to progress indicating that the disease is probably caused by mineral deficiency The disease did not occur when plantlets were planted in soil amended with and boron in small pots or in non- amended soil in large pots. Results show that heart rot of banana plantlets is caused by calcium and boron deficiencies, and that the problem can be solved by amending soil with calcium and boron or by using large size pots.

並列關鍵字

Heart rot ； banana ； plantlet. calcium deficiency ； boron deficiency