葉表螢光假單胞菌 Pscudomonas potida YLFP 14 對甜椒細菌性斑點病之防治潛力

Control Potential of Foliar Pseudomonas putida YLFP14 Against Bascterial Spot of Sweet Pepper

蔡汮龍(Y. L. Tsai) ； 陳敏瑞(M. J. Chen) ； 徐世典(S. T. Hsu) ； 曾德賜(D. D. S. Tzeng) ； 曾國欽(K. C. Tzeng)

《植物病理學會刊》 13卷3期 (2004/09) Pp. 191-200

https://doi.org/10.6649/PPB.200409_13(3).0004

摘要

由對 xanthomona,屬數種病原細菌具拮抗能力之葉表螢光假單胞菌菌株中,選出 Pseudomona, putida YLFP14菌株，並評估其對甜椒細菌性斑點病之防治潛力。此菌株在PDA培養基上對甜椒細菌性斑點病菌（Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. esicatoria, Xav）所有供試27個菌株之生長具抑制作用、不產生氤酸、且對三元硫酸銅、克枯爛、與硫酸銅具抗性。在植物生長箱之試驗顯示，P . potida YLFP14 分別與三種Xav甜椒生理小種混合接種於葉片後，可顯著降低甜椒細菌性斑點病之發生。以糖蜜、酵母粉及黃豆粉為基質（MYS基質）於醱酵槽中進行P. putida YLFP14之大量液態培養，於30ºC培養30小時，菌量可達 2 -5 x10^(9) cfu/ml。以此醱酵液態培養物（M YS-YLFP14菌液）處理於甜椒葉片上，亦同樣有降低細菌性斑點病發生之效果，且其效果較處理同菌量以無菌水懸浮P. putidaYLFP14 懸浮液為佳。M YS-YLFP14菌液保存在低溫4ºC) 10個月後，仍能維持高菌量且不影響其防治效果，但在30ºC ，則其菌量快速下降。高濕有利於P. putida YLFP14 在甜椒葉表族群量之維持，又蛋白陳或D-葡萄糖酸之添加，更可增加P . putida YLFP14之族群量。添加蛋白陳於接種源並未增加P. putida YLFP14防治細菌性斑點病之效果，但添加D-葡萄糖酸則顯著提高防治效果。

關鍵字

螢光假單細胞菌 ； 茄科細菌性斑點病 ； 甜椒 ； 生物防治

並列摘要

Pseudomonas putida YLFP14 selected from foliar fluorescent pseudomonads was evaluated for its potential to control bacterial spot on leaves of sweet pepper caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria in a growth chamber. The selection of P. putida YLFP14 was based on its ability to inhibit the growth of all 27 tested strains of X. axonopodis pv. vesicatoria on PDA medium, inability to produce hydrogen cyanide, and resistance to tribasic copper sulfate and tecloftalam and cupric sulfate. The disease severity of the bacterial spot was significantly reduced when leaves were inoculated with the mixture of P. putida YLFP14 and X. axonopodis pv. vesicatoria (pepper race 1, 2 or 3). For mass production, P. putida YLFPI4 was cultured in a fermentor containing molasses, yeast and soybean powders (MYS) as substrates. The population level of P. putida YLFP14 could reach to i09 cfu/ml 30 hr after incubation at 30°C. Application of this fermentation liquid culture (MYS-YLFP14 liquid culture) also reduced the disease, and its control efficacy was better than cells of P. putida YLFP14 suspended in sterile distilled water at the same inoculum concentration. The population of P. putida YLFP14 in the MYS-YLFP14 liquid culture maintained high level when stored at 4°C, whereas it declined rapidly after storage at 30°C. The MYSYLFPI4 YLFP14 liquid culture stored at 4°C for 10 month was still effective in the disease control. At high humidity (RH 100%), the population of P. putida YLFP14 on leaf surfaces of sweet pepper increased one day after introduction, and remained almost at the same level (10-l0 cfu/cm2) afterward, but at low humidity (RH 70-85%), it rapidly decreased. Addition of peptone or D-gluconic acid to the suspension of P. putida YLFP14 increased the population of P. putida YLFP14 on the leaves at high RH, however, only addition of D-gluconic acid significantly enhanced the disease control efficacy of P. putida YLFP14.

並列關鍵字

bacterial spot ； biocontrol ； sweet pepper ； flurescent pseudomonads