Control of Lentil Seedling Blight Caused by Botrytis cinerea Using Microbial Seed Treatments

種子處理拮抗微生物防治扁豆幼苗立枯病(Botrytis cinerea)

黃鴻章(Hung-Chang Huang) ； R. Scott Erickson

《植物病理學會刊》 14卷1期 (2005/03) Pp. 35-40

https://doi.org/10.6649/PPB.200503_14(1).0004

摘要

本研究於溫室及田問進行試驗，評估種子處理拮抗真菌或細菌對於扁豆幼苗立枯病（由Botrytis cinerea引起）的防治效果。溫室初步試驗結果顯示，供試的36個拮抗真菌與細菌菌株中，有26個菌株可以有效降低發病率與增加出苗率。進一步選取其中兩個細菌菌株Pantoea agglomerans LRC954和Pseudomonas fluorescens LRC1788、兩個真菌菌株Penicillium aurantiogriseum LRC2450和Trichoderma harzianum LRC2428於溫室進行栽培試驗，結果發現四個受測菌株不但可以增加株高與出苗率，而且不會影響扁豆根系的根瘤數。於西元2000和2001年間在田間進行三次病害防治試驗，顯示這些菌株在其中兩次試驗具有顯著降低病害與增加出苗率的效果。由此可見，利用拮抗微生物處理扁豆種子是防治扁豆幼苗立枯病的一種有效且對環境無害的良方。

關鍵字

扁豆 ； 幼苗立枯病 ； 生物防治 ； 木黴菌(Trichoderma harzianum) ； 青黴菌(Penicillium aurantiogriseum) ； 團泛菌(Pantoea agglomerans) ； 螢光假單胞菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens)

並列摘要

Indoor and field experiments were conducted to assess the efficacy of 36 bacterial or fungal agents for suppression of seedling blight of lentil caused by Botrytis cinerea. When applied as seed treatment prior to planting, 26 of the microbial agents were effective in reducing incidence of seedling blight, thereby increasing seedling emergence compared to the untreated control. Two bacterial isolates, Pantoea agglomerans LRC 954, and Pseudomonas fluorescens LRC 1788, and two fungal isolates, Penicillium aurantiogriseum LRC 2450 and Trichoderma harzianum LRC 2428, were selected for further testing in the greenhouse and results showed that they were effective in increasing seedling emergence and plant height of lentil. These biocontrol agents did not interfere with normal development of root nodules of lentil by Rhizobium leguminosarum. The same four isolates were tested in three field experiments, one in 2000 and two in 2001, and two of the three experiments showed significant increases in seedling emergence of lentil. The study concludes that microbial seed treatment with certain biocontrol agents is an effective and environmentally sustainable method for control of botrytis seedling blight of lentil.

並列關鍵字

Lentil ； Lens culinaris ； seedling blight ； damping-off ； Botrytis cinerea ； biological control ； Trichoderma harzianum ； Penicillium aurantiogriseum ； Pantoea agglomerans ； Pseudomonas fluorescens