植物萃取液對植物病原真菌之抑菌效果

Antifungal Effect of Plant Extracts on Phytopathogenic Fungi

謝廷芳(T. F. Hsieh) ； 黃晉興(J. H. Huang) ； 謝麗娟(L. J. Hsieh) ； 胡敏夫(M. F. Hu) ； 柯文雄(W. H. Ko)

《植物病理學會刊》 14卷1期 (2005/03) Pp. 59-66

https://doi.org/10.6649/PPB.200503_14(1).0007

摘要

Aqueous and ethanol extracts of fresh materials from 67 plant species belonging to 33 Family were screened for antifungal activity against spore germination of Fusarium proliferatum isolate F801, Colletotrichum higginsianum isolate PA-01, Alternaria brassicicola isolate ABA31 and Botrytis elliptica isolate B066. Both aqueous and ethanol extracts of Hydnocarpus castaneus and Allium thumbergii (Japanese onion) completely inhibited spore germination of F. proliferatum and C. higginsianum. Ethanol but not aqueous extracts of Chenopodium ambrosiodes (Epazote) and Toona sinensis (Chinese cedar) displayed complete inhibition of the spore germination of F. proliferatum. Ethanol extracts of Artemisia princeps var. orientalis, Beta vulgaris, Brassica oleracea, C. ambrosiodes, Chrysanthemum parthenium, Curcuma longa, Datura tatula, Etrema wasabi (leaf), Foeniculum vulgare, Gaillardia pulchella, Glechoma hederacea var. grandis, Mentha piperita, Mesona procumbens, Mikania cordata, Thymus vulgaris, T. sinensis, and Zanthoxylum ailanthoides were also inhibitory to spore germination of C. higginsianum. The spore germination of A. brassicicola was effectively inhibited by ethanol extracts of Bryophyllum pinnatum, D. tatula, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Reynoutria japonica, Ricinus communis, Solanum aculeatissimum, and T. sinensis. The spore germination of B. elliptica was inhibited by ethanol extracts of A. thumbergii, C. ambrosiodes, C. longa, and Z. ailanthoides, and aqueous extract of Dicliptera chinesis. Among the 35 plant extracts tested, only ethanol extract of R. japonica showed effective suppression of disease severity of powdery mildew caused by Podosphaera xanthii on detached leaves. Further trials carried out in the greenhouse showed that the disease severity of powdery mildew was significantly (p＜0.05) reduced by R. japonica extract even at 1000 fold dilution.

關鍵字

植物萃取液 ； 病原真菌 ； 孢子發芽率 ； 甜瓜 ； 白粉病

並列摘要

Aqueous and ethanol extracts of fresh materials from 67 plant species belonging to 33 Family were screened for antifungal activity against spore germination of Fusarium proliferatum isolate F801, Colletotrichum higginsianum isolate PA-01, Alternaria brassicicola isolate ABA31 and Botrytis elliptica isolate B066. Both aqueous and ethanol extracts of Hydnocarpus castaneus and Allium thumbergii (Japanese onion) completely inhibited spore germination of F. proliferatum and C. higginsianum. Ethanol but not aqueous extracts of Chenopodium ambrosiodes (Epazote) and Toona sinensis (Chinese cedar) displayed complete inhibition of the spore germination of F. proliferatum. Ethanol extracts of Artemisia princeps var. orientalis, Beta vulgaris, Brassica oleracea, C. ambrosiodes, Chrysanthemum parthenium, Curcuma longa, Datura tatula, Etrema wasabi (leaf), Foeniculum vulgare, Gaillardia pulchella, Glechoma hederacea var. grandis, Mentha piperita, Mesona procumbens, Mikania cordata, Thymus vulgaris, T. sinensis, and Zanthoxylum ailanthoides were also inhibitory to spore germination of C. higginsianum. The spore germination of A. brassicicola was effectively inhibited by ethanol extracts of Bryophyllum pinnatum, D. tatula, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Reynoutria japonica, Ricinus communis, Solanum aculeatissimum, and T. sinensis. The spore germination of B. elliptica was inhibited by ethanol extracts of A. thumbergii, C. ambrosiodes, C. longa, and Z. ailanthoides, and aqueous extract of Dicliptera chinesis. Among the 35 plant extracts tested, only ethanol extract of R. japonica showed effective suppression of disease severity of powdery mildew caused by Podosphaera xanthii on detached leaves. Further trials carried out in the greenhouse showed that the disease severity of powdery mildew was significantly (p＜0.05) reduced by R. japonica extract even at 1000 fold dilution.

並列關鍵字

Alternaria brassicicola ； Botrytis elliptica ； Colletotrichum higginsianum ； Fusarium proliferatum ； Podosphaera xanthii ； plant extract ； antifungal activity ； disease control