Control of White Mold of Bean Caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Using Organic Soil Amendments and Biocontrol Agents

利用有機土壤添加物與拮抗菌防治菜豆菌核病

黃鴻章(Hung-Chang Huang) ； R. S. Erickson ； 張治(Chi Chang) ； J. R. Moyer ； F. J. Larney ； 黃振文(Jenn-Wen Huang)

《植物病理學會刊》 14卷3期 (2005/09) Pp. 183-190

https://doi.org/10.6649/PPB.200509_14(3).0003

摘要

西元1999至2001年間於加拿大亞伯達省Lethbridge附近進行田間試驗，評估有機土壤添加物添加拮抗菌與否對於抑制菌核病菌子囊盤形成與防治菜豆菌核病的效果。三年的田間試驗結果顯示，土壤中施用含有甜苜蓿（2.5噸／公頃）或魚粉（0.8或2.5噸／公頃）有機資材的土壤添加物可降低菌核病菌形成子囊盤，進而有效降低菌核病的發病率與發病度。進一步研究發現有機土壤添加物加入拮抗菌如Coniothyrium minitans、Penicillium griseofulvum或Trichoderma virens等可促進添加物的抑菌效果。本研究說明土壤施用含拮抗菌之有機土壤添加物是一項符合環境友好的菜豆菌核病防治方法。

關鍵字

菌核病菌 ； 菌核 ； 子囊盤 ； 土壤添加物 ； 生物防治 ； Coniothyrium minitans ； Trichoderma virens ； Penicillium griseofulvum

並列摘要

Field studies were conducted near Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada during 1999-2001 to determine the effectiveness of residue-based organic soil amendments, with or without biocontrol agents, for suppression of carpogenic germination of sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and control of white mold of bean. Results of 3-year field experiments showed that soil amendment with certain organic substances such as sweet clover straw (2.5 tonnes/ha) or fish meal (0.8 or 2.5 tonnes/ha) reduced the carpogenic germination of sclerotia of S. sclerotiorum and thereby reduced the incidence and severity of white mold of bean. Further studies revealed that the addition of biocontrol agents such as Coniothyrium minitans, Penicillium griseofulvum, or Trichoderma virens, enhanced the suppressive effect of the organic soil amendments on S. sclerotiorum. The study concludes that amending soil with a mixture of organic soil amendment and biocontrol agent is a promising, environmentally sound method for management of white mold of bean.

並列關鍵字

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ； sclerotia ； carpogenic germination ； apothecia ； soil amendment ； biological control ； Coniothyrium minitans ； Trichoderma virens ； Penicillium griseofulvum