荔枝露疫病防治推薦藥劑藥效評估

Evaluation of Recommended Fungicides for the Control Peronophythora Fruit Downy Blight of Lychee

黃巧雯(C. W. Huang) ； 蔡志濃(J. R. Tsai) ； 安寶貞(P. J. Ann) ； 張哲瑋(C. W. Chang) ； 倪蕙芳(H. F. Ni) ； 楊宏仁(H. R. Yang)

《植物病理學會刊》 22卷4期 (2013/12) Pp. 339-352

https://doi.org/10.6649/PPB.201312_22(4).0003

摘要

本研究利用室內藥劑篩選及田間試驗，評估目前推薦之化學藥劑對荔枝露疫病防治效果。利用9種化學藥劑添加於培養基中進行藥劑對露疫病菌之菌絲生長影響，結果顯示嘉賜貝芬對露疫病菌菌絲生長之抑制能力最差。而由田間藥效測試及採收後果實藥效試驗發現，嘉賜貝芬推薦藥劑無法作為目前荔枝露疫病防治之有效藥劑，而鋅錳乃浦雖對菌絲生長有抑制作用，然其對孢囊產生則不具明顯抑制作用，因此其需於露疫病好發前期使用，一旦果實感染病原菌後則不具防治效果。褔賽快得寧及鋅錳克絕為田間試驗中對荔枝露疫病發生具有良好防治效果之推薦藥劑，此兩藥劑即使噴佈於果實上5天再接種露疫病菌，仍能發揮極佳的保護效果，然而若於露疫病菌感染後再行噴施則無防治效果，此項結果顯示，褔賽快得寧及鋅錳克絕對荔枝露疫病防治策略為預防優於治療。

關鍵字

荔枝露疫病菌 ； 荔枝 ； 推薦藥劑 ； 防治

並列摘要

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of recommended fungicides on Peronophythora litchii by in vitro screenings and field experiments. Among the nine tested fungicides, Kasugamycin + Carbendazim exhibited the least inhibitory effect on mycelial growth of P. litchii. The results from field experiments and laboratory assays on harvested fruits indicated that Kasugamucin + Carbendazim was not an effective chemical for controlling lychee downy blight. Mancozeb had better control effect while applied before the disease occurred. Fosetyl-AI + Oxine-copper and Mancozeb + Cymoxanil were revealed as the best recommended fungicides for controlling downy blight of lychee in the fields. When Iychee fruits were treated with Fosetyl-AI + Oxine-copper or Mancozeb + Cymoxanil for five days before inoculated with P. litchii, the disease incidence was less than 10%. However, these fungicides were not effective when applied after fruits were infected. This study suggested that pretreament of fungicides before the pathogen infection was the key factor of controlling downy blight of lychee.

並列關鍵字

Peronophythora litchii ； Litchi chinensis ； recommended fungicides ； control