民航體檢標準之評估與研究

Discussions and Evaluation on Medical Standard of Civil Aviation

蕭德海(De-Hai Shiau) ； 何邦立(Bang-Lee Ho)

《中華民國航空醫學會刊》 10卷1期 (1996/06) Pp. 65-69

https://doi.org/10.7011/TAMAROC.199606.0065

摘要

航空人員的健康狀況與飛航安全息息相關，爲預防飛航組員於執行任務時，突發失能而導致飛航事故，合理而完善的體檢標準，成爲維護飛航安全的屏障。
各國基於國情與維護主權，並遵循國際飛航安全的需要，分別訂有國家體檢標準，但因各國國情及醫療水準不一，國際民航組織(ICAO)遂訂有一套最低需求的國際民航體檢標準，以爲各國參考遵循，所有簽約國不得低於此標準，以維護國際間之飛航安全。而國際間爲維護地域性飛航安全與合作亦分別訂有區成性之共同體檢標準。
我國民航體檢標準亦源於國際民航組織，並參酌美國聯邦航空總署(FAA)的體檢標準，於民國六十二年頒布實施，二十餘年來爲因應國情及醫學之進步與國際需要，作了數次修訂。
本文就我國民航體檢標準與團際民航組織(ICAO)，美國聯邦航空總署(FAA)與日本民航體檢標準作分析比較，結果顯示我國民航體儉標準與各國標導大同小異，但由於發證制度，體檢機構與體檢項目之差異，招致體檢過嚴之誤解，而與我國體系相近的日本，則未聞有此困擾，此乃國情不同與認知差異所致，值得深思。

關鍵字

民航體檢標準 ； 飛行失能 ； 飛航事故 ； 認知差異

並列摘要

The physical conditions of flight crew is closely related with flight safety. In order to prevent sudden incapacitation that cause flight accident at the time of execution, a reasonable and complete medical standards act as a defence shield in protecting flight safety.
Base on different national conditions and protective sovereignty of different countries and following the international flight safety needs, they separately set up their own medical standards, but due to different national conditions and treatment level, ICAO fix a set of International Standards of minimum requirements, for different countries to refer and follow. All the countries who sign the contract cannot go below this standard in order to safeguard international flight safety. In protecting international district flight safety and cooperation the same medical standards has also being set up regionally.
ICAO forms the source of our country's aviation medical standards and we also refers to FAA's standard. In 1973 had promulgated the execution, for more than 20 years now, in accordance to national conditions, medical advancement and international needs many editions has been made.
This essay made a comparative analysis of our country's aviation medical standard and ICAO, FAA and Japan. The conclusion shows that our country's standard is similar with that of different countries, but because of the certification systems there are differences in physical organizations and medical assessment that cause over strictness in physical examination and hence misunderstandings. As for Japan whose standard is similar with us, no such confusion is heard, so differences cause by national conditions should be acknowledged, which is worthy to take into deep considerations.

並列關鍵字

Civil aviation medical standards ； sudden incapacitation flight accident ； acknowledge differences