社區民衆健康意識與健康行爲初探

The Preliminary Study of Health Consciousness and Health Behavior of Adult People in Small Communities

胡月娟(Y. J. Hau)

《護理研究》 1卷4期 (1993/12) Pp. 309-315

https://doi.org/10.7081/NR.199312.0309

摘要

本調查旨在探討中老年人的健康意識與健康行爲。對台中市北屯區四個裏參與「中老年病防治座談會」的40歲以上居民，採方便取樣方式，共取得191個樣本。以經過專家效度處理的結構型問卷進行訪談。收集民衆的人口學特徵及健康意識、健康行爲等資料，並分析人口學特徵與健康意識、健康行爲之相關性。在健康意識方面，大部分民衆對自己目前健康狀況未能留意，隨著年齡增加，人們對健康的注意度才會上昇。女性對自己健康狀況的煩惱度顯著高於男性。最令民衆擔憂自己健康狀況的原因是中老年病。在健康行爲方面，飲食習慣大多合乎健康行爲的原則。不抽煙不喝酒者佔半數以上。在規律運動與生活作息方面，65歲及以者顯著高於40-64歲以下者。經調查結果，建議中老年病防治宜留意中年年齡羣者，並在社區中建立中老年健康檢查的服務綱，以達早期發現中老年病，提供健康指導，與提醒追蹤之效。

關鍵字

成年人 ； 健康意識 ； 健康行爲

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate health consciousness and health behavior in middle aged and elderly people. A convenient sample of 191 people over the age of 40 years was taken from four communities in the Pei-tun district. Trained nurses from the local hospital administered a structured questionnaire form of interview, based on a review of the literature and jury opinion.
The results showed that the majority of subjects were ignorant of their health condition. Older people paid more attention to their health. Females tended to worry about health more than males. Most subjects were concerned about developing a chronic illness. Most subjects’ eating behavior led to them eating a healthy diet. It is noteworthy that almost half of the subjects abstained from smoking and• drinking. Subjects over 65 years of age performed physical exercise more frequently then those aged 40 to 64 years. Age and sex of subjects were associated most strongly with health consciousness and health behavior.
We suggest that middle aged and elderly people in the community should have ready access to a health examination and health maintenance center network, which they can easily use to help preserve good health into older age.

並列關鍵字

adult people ； health consciousness ； health behavior