The Prevalence and Predictors of Postpartum Depression

産後憂鬱的盛行率和預測因子

陳彰惠(C. H. Chen) ； 曾英芬(Y. F. Tseng) ； 王興耀(S. Y. Wang) ； 李昭男(J. N. Lee)

《護理研究》 2卷3期 (1994/09) Pp. 263-274

https://doi.org/10.7081/NR.199409.0263

摘要

本研究目的在探討：(1)台灣婦女産後憂鬱的盛行率；和(2)知覺壓力、社會支持和自尊是否可以預測産後憂鬱。樣本是高雄地區129位産後六週的産婦接受問卷調查。收集資料的五份量表包括:個人基本資料、壓力知覺量表、社會支持調查、史柏史密斯自尊評量表、和具氏憂鬱量表。以具氏憂鬱量表10分爲臨界點，發現59.7%的産婦是非憂鬱的，40.3%的産婦在産後六週有輕度到重度憂鬱。採用逐步複迴歸統計分析的結果顯示産後憂鬱的最佳預測因子是自尊、社會支持、知覺壓力和懷孕類別(即此次懷孕是計劃的或非計劃的)。
本研究建議：(1)家庭主婦、低收入家庭和非計劃懷孕的婦女是産後憂鬱的高危險群，應密切監測；(2)産後憂鬱的最佳預測因子是自尊、社會支持、知覺壓力及懷孕類別，上述因素應列爲産科護理評估要點；(3)産後憂鬱高盛行率不容忽視，因此有關産後憂鬱的資訊包括在出院計劃中，例如告知出院産婦如果心情低落持續七天以上，逐漸惡化，或干擾到處理日常生活的能力，則應主動向醫護人員咨詢尋求協助。

關鍵字

自尊 ； 社會支持 ； 知覺壓力 ； 産後憂鬱

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were to examine (a) the prevalence of postpartum depression in Taiwanese mothers and (b) effects of stress, social support and self-esteem on prediction of postpartum depression. A descriptive correlational method of investigation was implemented. A total of 129 Taiwanese women at 6 weeks postpartum were recruited to participate in this study from Kaohsiung City area. Five instruments were used to collect data: the Demographic Data Form, the Perceived Stress Scale, the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List, Coopersmith's Self-Esteem Inventory and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Using the BDI cutoff score of 10 and above as an indication of depression, 59.7% of subjects were identified as nondepressed; 40.3% were mildly to severely depressed during the 6th week postpartum. Results of the stepwise multiple regression indicated that the best subset to predict the criterion variable of postpartum depression included self-esteem, social support, perceived stress and type of pregnancy (plannde vs. unplanned).

並列關鍵字

self-esteem ； social support ； perceived stress ； postpartum depression