中年婦女之停經經驗與自我照顧行爲

Menopausal Experiences and Self-Care Behaviors among Mid-Life Women

李逸(I Lee) ； 王秀紅(Hsiu-Hung Wang)

《護理研究》 8卷1期 (2000/02) Pp. 71-84

https://doi.org/10.7081/NR.200002.0071

摘要

本研究目的在於探討中年婦女的停經經驗以及經歷更年期或面對停經時，執行自我照顧行爲的情形。針對118位正經歷更年期或停經未滿五年的婦女進行問卷施測。研究問卷經過六位相關領域的專家鑑定其內容效度；信度經過再測信度(r=.70-.82c)與內在致性(Cronbach＇s a=.60-.93)的攷驗。受訪婦女停經年齡爲50.25歲（標准差＝2.68）。118位婦女中有98人(83%)經驗到停經症狀：經驗到停經症狀的婦女中有43人(43.9%)曾因停經困擾而就醫，其中33人被診斷爲與停經有關之病症，25人接受了治療。從多元回歸方程式中發現，對處我照顧行爲最具有預測力的變英是配偶的教育程度、社會支持、社經地位、停經狀況以及是否曾因停經困擾就醫，五變項可解釋的變異量達到48%。基於以上發現，建議加強對中年婦女宣導自我照顧的重要並推廣健康促進的概念，以提昇婦女積極從事健康活動的生活觀。

關鍵字

停經 ； 停經經驗 ； 健康狀況 ； 社會支持 ； 自我照顧行爲

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to examine the menopausal experiences and self-care behaviors of midlife women. 118 perimenopausal women and women who had been menopausal for not more than five years completed self-administered questionnaires. The instruments were evaluated by six experts in related fields to measure the content validity. Test-retest reliability (r=.70-.82) and Cronbach＇s a (.60-.93) were used to measure stability and internal consistency. The results showed that the mean age of the women was 50.25 years old (SD=2.68). Among 118 women, 98 women (83%) reported that they had climacteric symptoms and 43 (43.9%) of these women visited a doctor for menopausal distress. Among these 43 women, the symptoms of 33 women were diagnosed to be related to menopause and 25 received medical therapy. Spouses education, social support, socioeconomic status, menopausal status, and doctor-visiting for menopausal distress were the most powerful predictors of self-care behaviors based on multiple regression analysis. Together these five predictors explained 48% of the total variance in self-care behaviors. The findings suggest the importance of the engagement in self-care and the enhancement of health promotion among midlife women.

並列關鍵字

Menopause ； menopausal experience ； health status ； social support ； self-care behaviors

參考文獻

張玨、陳芬苓、胡幼慧(1993)。中老年婦女更年期態度的研究。中華衛誌。12(1)，26-39。

張玨、周松男、陳芬苓、張菊惠(1995)。一般經期與更年期自述症狀的研究。中華衛誌。14(2)，179-200。

婦女停經症狀之研究與分析

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