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Diffuse Type Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations Demonstrated by Lung Perfusion Scans: Two Case Reports

肺臟灌流掃描顯示瀰漫型肺動靜脈畸形:兩病例報告

摘要


肺動靜脈畸形是一種罕見的肺部血管不正常生長,其臨床表現與血液分流的程度相關,通常可向胸部X光射影診斷:然而有些瀰漫型肺動靜脈畸形是由極細小的異常血管所組成,在胸部X光甚至電腦斷層影像可能無法偵測到。一位12歲女孩有唇部發紺及運動不耐受的症狀持續了7年,儘管做了許多檢查還是沒有確定的診斷。另一位7歲的女孩因手指壓傷住院,意外發現在哭泣時有嘴唇發紺的現象,這兩位病例在臨床上皆懷疑是瀰漫型肺動靜脈畸形,而向肺臟灌流掃描確定診斷。

並列摘要


Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) is an uncommon abnormality, which has variable manifestations relating to the degree of shunting and is usually diagnosed by chest radiography. However, some diffuse type PAVMs can only be seen at the microscopic level, neither by a chest plain film nor a computed tomography. A 12-year-old girl had symptoms of cyanotic lips and exercise intolerance for seven years without a definite diagnosis despite several examinations. Another 7-year-old girl was incidentally noted to have lip cyanosis when crying during her hospitalization for a crushed finger. These two patients were suspected to have diffuse type PAVMs and lung perfusion scans confirmed the diagnosis.

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