油藏注水之水質標準與增產評估

注水是使生產井高產及穩產的一項重要技術，也是提高原油採收率的二級採油方法。主要是利用注水設備把滿足一定水質標準的清水或污水以注水井注入油藏，藉以補充油藏能量。在油田開發初期，含水率低且生產效益佳，水處理成本問題較易被忽略。而到油田開發中後期，開發策略往往需要提高產液量和注採比，導致注水量需增加，水處理與注水費用也大幅攀升，合理地制定適合油藏特性之注水水質將有利於成本控管。油田常採用伴產水回注，伴產水在採出或處理的過程中常攜帶大量懸浮物（包括固相懸浮物、油滴、微生物等）；另外，經由處理後的注入水也可能導致油藏黏土礦物剝離，而運移至較小孔喉處堵塞形成地層傷害，上述因素將導致油藏在注水工程上面臨許多需要克服的難題。本研究將針對油田伴產水回注時，可能發生的地層傷害情況於實驗室進行試驗，探討注水水質及油層-流體相容性等各方面影響下，對礦區注水增產之經濟效益，期能建立本公司油藏注水之水質標準評估方法，並降低礦區注水工程瓶頸。

關鍵字

油田開發；注水增產；油藏水處理；注水採收效率

並列摘要

Water injection is an important treatment which makes oil well reach high and stable production in a long period. It is also a secondary recovery method to improved oil recovery. In an early oil production stage, water treatment cost is a minor issue due to low water cut. However, problems do exist in high water cut stage. Because of the constant increasing injection rate, the proportion of water disposal charge in the whole operating cost is increasing. The contradiction of cost price and benefit is apparent. The suspended solids like mineral particles, oil drops, and bacterial often appear in produced water. Water treatment cost for above suspended solids always raises in high water cut stage to meet the water reinjection standard. To meet a reasonable water treatment cost, the aim of this study is to estimate the formation damage caused by different water quality and reservoir sensitivity et al. The estimated formation damage can then be used to evaluate the oil recovery efficiency by water injection through reservoir simulation. The Results of formation damage tests and reservoir simulation can then be utilized to build up the injection water quality for oil field pressure maintenance

並列關鍵字

Oil Field Development ； Water Injection ； Water Treatment ； Oil Recovery Through Water Injection

國際替代計量

油藏注水之水質標準與增產評估

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