商業化重油觸媒裂解工場產率調整之對策及成果

Approaches and Results of Yield Adjustments in Residue Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit

邱虹梓(Hung-Tzu Chiu) ； 楊憲昌(Hsien-Chang Yang) ； 孫祥耀(Hsiang-Yao Sun) ； 張哲源(Che-Yuan Chang) ； 蕭秀雄(Hsiu-Hsiung Hsiao) ； 王淑麗(Shu-Li Wang) ； 施呈杰(Cheng-Chieh Shih) ； 蔡冠男(Kuan-Nan Tsai) ； 葉興憲(Hsing-Hsian Yeh) ； 黃順福(Shun-Fu Huang) ； 郭博齊(Bor-Chy Kuo) ； 薛宏明(Homg-Ming Shiue) ； 許峰毓(Feng-Yu Hsu) ； 許信豐(Hsin-Feng Hsu)

《石油季刊》 56卷3期 (2020/09) Pp. 51-68

摘要

商業化重油觸媒裂解（RFCC）工場產率調整的目的除了可以配合煉油廠產銷和巿場價格變化，並且對解決工場操作瓶頸問題有幫助，是提高工場效益的重要工作。影響RFCC產率分布的因素包括觸媒配方、ECAT特性、操作條件和進料品質，調整觸媒配方是改變RFCC產率最有效的方法。依照產率要求，調整觸媒三個活性組成（zeolite、matrix和ZSM-5）的比例，使得裂解和氫轉移反應達到一個平衡點。商業化RFCC工場採用本研究的降低CFB產率方案，即時調整新鮮觸媒添加量和其他操作條件，減緩ECAT Fe中毒程度，不僅維持低CFB產率操作，同時燃料氣產率也明顯降低。為了增產丙烯和丁烯產率，本研究協助商業化RFCC進行觸媒配方、反應溫度（ROT）提升和高轉化率等調整。在使用低氫轉移和高ZSM-5含量觸媒配方後，丙烯產率和異丁烯產率明顯升高，當ROT調升至545℃，丙烯產率最高達到9.8wt%，異丁烯產率最高為2.4wt%，C4LPG產品中的正丁烯產率最高只能至5.5wt%。在還沒有更改觸媒配方之前，商業化RFCC工場嘗試降低ROT和調整汽油和LCOcut point，LCO產率增加量達4.0wt%～5.0wt%。 本研究協助商業化RFCC工場進行產率調整工作，成功地達到高效益操作的目標。

關鍵字

重油觸媒裂解工場 ； ZSM-5觸媒 ； 氫轉移反應 ； Fe中毒

並列摘要

The purpose of yield adjustments in residue fluid catalytic cracking (RFCC) unit is to increase profitability of refinery. Adjusting product yields can meet the objectives of refinery production, maintain the flexibility to adapt to market changes, and resolve process bottlenecks of RFCC unit. The effects on product yields include catalyst formula, equilibrium catalyst (ECAT) properties and operation conditions. Changing catalyst formula is the most effective way to adjust RFCC yields. According to the requirement of product selectivity, by varying the ratio of the three active components (zeolite, matrix and ZSM-5) can provide a balance between required cracking and hydrogen transfer activity. The approaches are suggested by this study are able to reduce the effects of Fe poisoning for the RFCC unit. Reduction in CFB and fuel gas yield can be obtained by instantly adjusting fresh catalyst addition rate and operating conditions. In order to increase the yield of propylene and butene, the RFCC unit adopted the following approaches: catalyst formulation change, high reaction temperature (ROT) and high conversion. After a new formulation of the catalyst with low hydrogen transfer and high ZSM-5 content was used to replace the old catalyst, both propylene yield and isobutene yield increased significantly. As ROT was raised to 545℃, propylene yield reached a maximum at 9.8wt%, isobutene yield was up to 2.4wt%, and n-butene yield of C4LPG stream is only up to 5.5 wt%. Through decreasing ROT and adjusting gasoline and LCO cut point based on CFB API and viscosity, LCO yield increased by 4.0wt%~5.0wt% without changing the catalyst formulation. This study is successful in adjusting product yields to achieve high profitability goal of the RFCC unit.

並列關鍵字

RFCC unit ； ZSM-5 ； Hydrogen Transfer reaction ； Fe poisoning

參考文獻

Sadeghbeigi, Reza(1995).Fluid Catalytic Cracking Handbook.Gulf Publishing Company.

Wilson, Joseph W.(1997).Fluid Catalytic Cracking Technology and Operations.Pennwell Publishing Company.

Technical report.,未出版RMRI of CPC corporation, Taiwan.