利用泥漿測錄之全烴指數與烴類氣體組成特性比辨識油氣層之產狀

Identifying Oil and Gas Reservoir by Using Total Gas Index and Ch Ratio of Mud Logging

李沅銘(Yuan-Ming Li) ； 張錦澤(Ching-Tse Chang) ； 古佳艷(Chia-Yen Ku)

《石油季刊》 58卷1期 (2022/03) Pp. 43-54

摘要

鑽井工程中之泥漿測錄分析可以應用於烴類氣體組成分析，在地層流體產狀的評價中，經常使用烴類氣體比例濕度法分別計算特性比、氣濕比和平衡比，另外結合Pixler plot判定產層含氣、含油或是不具生產價值，然而上述氣體比例計算並無法適用於每個礦區或是做為良好的產層評價，因此除了上述計算方法外，另外加入全烴指數並與特性比做比較，本研究將結合上述計算公式並帶入實際礦區，分別為Block I和Block II，並藉由鑽桿測試或完井結果進行驗證，以應用於未來之產層辨識或是預測。藉由Block I和Block II鑽桿測試之流體產狀，對比全烴指數與烴類氣體組成特性比圖，本研究嘗試將地層流體產狀分為產氣層、產油層、產油及水層和無生產價值層。此方法界定方式在全烴指數大於10,000的條件下，特性比小於0.5指示為產氣層，大於0.5時則為產油層；當全烴指數小於10,000且特性比小於1指示為無生產價值層，而當特性比大於1且全烴指數介於5,000-10,000之間指示為產油層，全烴指數介於1,800-5,000之間指示為產油及水層，全烴指數小於1,800時則為無生產價值層，分析結果作為描述地層與辨識油氣層產狀之評估。未來可嘗試將此劃分規則套用於其他礦區或井資料，瞭解其他礦區資料應用下的狀況，並修正出更精確的劃分數值，找出最佳的應用方式。

關鍵字

泥漿測錄 ； 全烴指數 ； 烴類氣體組成特性比 ； 油氣層

並列摘要

Mud logging in drilling engineering is the circulation of mud in the drilling process to the ground. Gas chromatograph is used to analyze the total gas content and gas composition in the mud, and the gas composition is basically analyzed from methane to pentane (C_1-C_5), usually higher carbon number alkane gas compared with light carbon number alkane component gas, its content is usually very low and can not be detected. Therefore, only the basic analysis of mud gas composition is used to further calculate the total gas index (TG Index) with the hydrocarbon character ratio (Ch Ratio), this study will combine the above two calculation formulas and bring in actual drilling data, the Block I and the Block II respectively, and compare them by drill stem test (DST) or completion results. Based on the fluid occurrence results of the Block I and the Block II DST to compare the TG Index and the Ch Ratio diagram, this study tried to divide the formation fluid occurrence into gas zone, oil zone, oil/water zone, and nonproductive zone. In this method, when the TG Index in greater than 10,000 and the Ch Ratio is less than 0.5, indicating a gas zone, and when it is greater than 0.5, it is an oil zone; when the TG Index is less than 10,000 and the Ch Ratio is less than 1 indicates that there is a nonproductive zone; when the Ch Ratio is greater than 1 and the TG Index is between 5,000-10,000, it is indicated as an oil zone, and the TG Index is between 1,800-5,000, it is indicated as an oil/water zone, if the TG index is less than 1,800, it is considered as a nonproductive zone. The analysis result is used as an evaluation to describe the formation and identify the occurrence of the oil and gas zone. Looking forward to applying this division rule to other block or well data to understand the status of other block drilling data application, and to amend more accurate division values to find the best application method in the future.

並列關鍵字

Mud Logging ； Total Gas Index ； Ch Ratio ； Oil and Gas Reservoir

參考文獻

Varhaug, M., 2015, The defining series: mud logging. Oilfield Review.

Haworth, J. H., Sellens, M., and Whittaker, A., 1985, Interpretation of hydrocarbon shows using light (C1-C5) hydrocarbon gases from mud-log data. AAPG Bulletin, v. 69, no. 8, p. 1305-1310.

Hashimov, S., 2015, Gas ratio analysis in Hovsan oil field. Journal of Geological Resource and Engineering, p. 42-48

Pixler, B. O., 1969, Formation evaluation by analysis of hydrocarbon ratios. Journal of Petroleum Technology, V. 21, No. 6, p. 665-670.

Tan, Z. J., 2016, A new method of mud logging reservoir property interpretation in Bohai oilfields based on hydrocarbon components analysis, China Offshore Oil and Gas, 28 (3), p. 37-43.