元代景德鎮青花瓷在國內市場中的角色和性質

在過去，關於景德鎮元代青花瓷的研究，經常圍繞在探討青花瓷的製作工藝、鈷料和裝飾來源，或是青花瓷的國外市場、海外貿易的情況。這些課題過度被強調的結果，使得有關其他層面很少被注意，尤其是中國這個國內市場更是經常被忽略。本文將從中國出土的元代青花瓷出發，來看青花瓷在中國本地市場的特點及使用情況。在文獻的缺乏，與窯址的發掘無法提供青花瓷使用的整體面貌下，本文主要的討論對象為窖藏和墓葬中出土的青花瓷。文中除了探討出土青花瓷的特點，也進一步分析共伴出土的器物組合，希望藉此理解各類質材器物在元代物質生活所扮演的角色及相對地位。在此脈絡下，我們可清楚看到元代青花瓷在國內市場中的角色和性質，青花瓷作為一新興產品，如何加入原有市場的競爭，在供給與需求的互動中找到立足點。

關鍵字

景德鎮；青花瓷；窖藏；墓葬；梅瓶

並列摘要

The first high-fired under-glaze blue-painted porcelain from Ching-te-chen was a departure that was to generate many other categories of blue-painted ceramics in other parts of the world. Today, we use blue-and-white porcelains for all sorts of purposes, such as eating and drinking, serving, storage and decoration. However, what was the function of blue-and-white porcelain when it emerged as a new product in the 14th century? In the early stages of their development, were they highly valued in their own day? Where are the areas in which blue-and-white was concentrated and why?To consider these topics, this paper will concentrate on the context of Yüan blue-and-white ware in its domestic market --- China. This issue is especially important, as it seems to have been overlooked by modern scholarship. In the past, blue-and-white has often been considered as a category on its own. It is rarely thought of and analyzed in the overall context of its functionality. In fact, the significant role played by blue-and-white porcelain in Yüan period material culture has remained largely unexplored. Therefore, in this paper, I will aim to provide a context for the analysis of the functions and relative value of blue-and-white porcelains in the Yüan China.As a result of the lack of information in contemporary textual sources on how blue-and-white wares were used in the Yüan period, archaeological materials from hoards and tombs provide the main context for our exploration of the function and relative value of blue-and-white porcelains in the Yüan period. The present discussion will, therefore, focus on the porcelains found in hoards and tombs in order to analyze the interaction between this newly rising product and contemporary material culture.