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商周時期的地祇

The Ti-ch'i Figure on Artifacts of the Shang and Chou Dynasties

摘要


本文從商周時期青銅器圖像資料結合文獻的記載,考察了以「示」為主體而形成的地神,即地祇。將地祇形象裝飾在祭祀人鬼的器物上,是因為有德的人鬼也就是死去的父祖常年居住在當地,而地祇則是鎮守當地的神祇,通過平常的祭祀得到其幫助而獲得適當的日照和雨露,並從而提高生產。

關鍵字

商周時期 青銅器 地祇 祭器

並列摘要


This article focuses on the examination of the ti-ch'i, or earth god figure being composed of shih, found on Chinese antiquities. Ti-ch'i served as local guardians for regions where deceased ancestors remain over generations as honored jen-kui, or ancestral spirits. Through an examination of bronze decoration and literary sources, the author explores the use of ti-ch'i as decor on ceremonial vessels for jen-kui. In addition, people can acquire the help from ti-ch'i by ordinary sacrificial rituals and ceremonies in effort to obtain sufficient sunlight and rainfall conducive to a bountiful harvest.

參考文獻


清王國維(1917)。戩壽堂所藏殷墟文字考釋
林巳奈夫(1986)。殷周時代青銅器紋樣?研究
林巳奈夫(1992)。中國古代?鼻形、耳形?象徵的圖形。泉屋博古館紀要。8,18。
中國文物精華編委會(1993)。中國文物精華1993
嚴延年。文選

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