WHA觀察員與WHO之互動分析－我國未來之策略建議

目標：我國在2009年獲邀成為世界衛生大會(World Health Assembly, WHA)觀察員，如何藉由此身分在世界衛生組織(World Health Organization, WHO)貢獻國際衛生能力，而此一身分又是否限制與WHO之合作互動，是本研究探討之主要標的，期為我國參與WHO之方式提供策略建議。方法：搜尋回顧WHO官方資料及參酌其他五名WHA觀察員之相關文件，以內容分析法統整其與WHO之互動模式。結果：除WHA會議的參與外，WHO並未明確規範WHA觀察員的參與範圍及形式，主要之交流活動可綜整為五類：（一）參與WHA大會；（二）出席或主辦WHO相關會議；（三）參與WHO周邊網絡；（四）獲得衛生協助；（五）貢獻公共衛生能力。各WHA觀察員參與之項次與內容有別。結論：WHA觀察員身分並未侷限其與WHO之互動及合作，除皆能出席WHA大會，其他互動方式則依其個別能力、立場、需求等主客觀條件而異。WHA觀察員之參與範圍雖未明訂，但也因其模式之彈性，使我國未來在擬定參與WHO活動的策略時，可依我國之專長項目，發展與WHO獨特的合作方式，以貢獻我國之醫藥衛生能力。

關鍵字

世界衛生組織；世界衛生大會；觀察員；國際衛生合作；參與策略

並列摘要

Objectives: Taiwan was invited to attend the World Health Assembly (WHA) for the first time as an observer in 2009. It is expected that the acquisition of observer status will pave the way for the country's further participation in World Health Organization (WHO) activities; however, whether we can participate in activities such as networks, meetings or projects, remains to be seen. The aim of this study was to analyze the past experiences of other WHA observers, and to learn how they interacted with the WHO. Methods: From the WHO website and other available information sources, we reviewed the official records of 5 other WHA observers. Content analysis was applied to summarize the interaction patterns among observers and WHO. Results: There were no significant regulations for observers' participation. Each observer developed a distinctive interaction model according to its nature, demands and ability. We determined 5 categories of major activities among them: participating in WHA, attending or hosting WHO meetings, joining WHO-related networks, gaining health assistance from WHO, and making contributions to the global public health field. Conclusions: Observer status did not limit cooperation with WHO, and, except for attending the WHA, their interactions varied. No regulation defines the scope of participation, so Taiwan can be more flexible. We can create a unique interactive model according to our own country's specialties, capabilities and needs, and thus contribute to international society through the WHO.