台東地區機車騎士安全帽配戴率與安全帽對機車騎士發生頭部外傷保護效用之調查研究

The Helmet Usage Rate and Its Protective Role in Head Injuries by Motorcyclist in Taitung: A Practical Survey

蔣明富(Ming-Fu Chiang) ； 邱文達(Wen-Ta Chiu)

《中華民國急救加護醫學會雜誌》 7卷4期 (1996/12) Pp. 139-150

https://doi.org/10.30018/JECCM.199612.0001

摘要

Head injuries among motorcyclists is the leading cause of death in Taitung. Helmets have a definitive role in the protection against head injuries among motorcyclists. The purpose of this study was to investigate the actual usage rate of helmets by motorcyclists and their protective role in reducing head injury severity in Taitung.
Over a one year period, the helmet usage rate per 100 motorcyclists was determined at 5 major crossroads 4 times per day, one day each month. The head injuries involving motorcyclists brought to the emergency room of Mackay Memorial Hospital were surveyed in detail. All the data were keyed into a dbase program. The chi-square test of SPSS/PC was used for statistical analysis and a p＜0.05 was considered significant.
The average usage rate for helmets among 12,000 motorcyclists was 10.7%. The usage rate was higher in winter, during the 7-8 am and 5-6 pm sessions of the day and at the crossroads nearest the outskirts of the city.
Among a total of 472 head injured patients, the helmet usage rate was 5.7%. The male to female ratio was 2:1. The highest frequency of head injuries was among the 10-29 years age group, especially during the summer. An alcohol smell was reported among 40.5% of the motorcyclists. The unhelmeted group had a greater level of conscious disturbance and more severe intracranial lesions in CT-examination. Statistically, there wasn't any significant difference between helmeted and unhelmeted motorcyclists with regard to cervical spine injuries. Admission was required for 78.4% of unhelmeted motorcyclists, but only 33% of helmeted motorcyclists. The overall mortality rate was 4.9%. Good recovery was achieved in 88.1% of all patients. The average hospital stay was 8.2 days (unhelmeted/helmeted 2.8:1). The average medical costs per patient was $37,226 (unhelmeted/helmeted 4:1).

關鍵字

頭部外傷 ； 安全帽 ； 交通事故 ； 機車騎士

並列摘要

Head injuries among motorcyclists is the leading cause of death in Taitung. Helmets have a definitive role in the protection against head injuries among motorcyclists. The purpose of this study was to investigate the actual usage rate of helmets by motorcyclists and their protective role in reducing head injury severity in Taitung.
Over a one year period, the helmet usage rate per 100 motorcyclists was determined at 5 major crossroads 4 times per day, one day each month. The head injuries involving motorcyclists brought to the emergency room of Mackay Memorial Hospital were surveyed in detail. All the data were keyed into a dbase program. The chi-square test of SPSS/PC was used for statistical analysis and a p＜0.05 was considered significant.
The average usage rate for helmets among 12,000 motorcyclists was 10.7%. The usage rate was higher in winter, during the 7-8 am and 5-6 pm sessions of the day and at the crossroads nearest the outskirts of the city.
Among a total of 472 head injured patients, the helmet usage rate was 5.7%. The male to female ratio was 2:1. The highest frequency of head injuries was among the 10-29 years age group, especially during the summer. An alcohol smell was reported among 40.5% of the motorcyclists. The unhelmeted group had a greater level of conscious disturbance and more severe intracranial lesions in CT-examination. Statistically, there wasn't any significant difference between helmeted and unhelmeted motorcyclists with regard to cervical spine injuries. Admission was required for 78.4% of unhelmeted motorcyclists, but only 33% of helmeted motorcyclists. The overall mortality rate was 4.9%. Good recovery was achieved in 88.1% of all patients. The average hospital stay was 8.2 days (unhelmeted/helmeted 2.8:1). The average medical costs per patient was $37,226 (unhelmeted/helmeted 4:1).

並列關鍵字

head injury ； helmet ； traffic accident ； motorcyclist